In this conversation, Dr. Tom Mitchell, a leading figure in AI and machine learning, discusses his journey in the field, the evolution of machine learning, and its profound implications for health, education, and scientific discovery. He emphasizes the importance of collaboration in science, the need for cultural shifts in data sharing, and the future of AI in various scientific fields. The discussion also touches on the Human Genome Project as a model for successful data sharing and the necessity of training future scientists in both their disciplines and AI.