Host Jerry Eicher of Anabaptist Theological Perspectives examines the doctrine of the atonement, engaging with ideas from a forthcoming book by Eitan Bar and reflecting on centuries of Christian theology. Topics include penal substitution, the Jewish view of sacrifice as presence rather than punishment, the Christus Victor (victor) motif, the role of Satan in the passion narrative, debates over hell and universalism, and the danger of discarding two millennia of church reflection. Eicher argues for holding multiple atonement themes together—acknowledging penal language’s place while emphasizing cleansing, restoration, and the life-in-the-blood imagery. Expect a thoughtful critique of both Reformation courtroom metaphors and modern reconstructions, historical references to temple and Torah practice, and pastoral concerns about how theological shifts affect Christian belief and practice.