In this episode of APUSH for ALL, we’re tracking how antebellum America became an engine of motion and markets. From explosive population growth and immigration to swelling cities and surging nativism, we trace how canals, railroads, and telegraphs rewired space, time, and opportunity. Inside mills and workshops, we see factory discipline, early unions, and the legal breakthrough of Commonwealth v. Hunt. We follow fortunes, poverty, and the birth of a self-conscious middle class, then head west to farms feeding national markets. Together, these changes reveal a connected, unequal, and rapidly modernizing nation on the eve of sectional crisis and conflict.