The conjugation of oligonucleotides with various ligands to enhance their delivery, stability, and specificity for targeted therapeutics has become a cornerstone in the development of next-generation molecular therapies. These ligands can facilitate targeted delivery to specific tissues, cells, or intracellular compartments, thereby improving the therapeutic index of oligonucleotides. Beyond cholesterol, folic acid, and spermine, a wide range of ligands have been explored for these purposes. Here's an overview of the classes and examples of ligands used in oligonucleotide conjugation. Stay curious, stay innovative. I'm Luke McLaughlin. If you would like to learn more about this topic consider reading our full length articles on www.biotechnologyreviews.com Or consider our podcast series on youtube or Spotify at our Biotechnology Reviews Channel. Our articles are also available on our linkedin newsletter Biotechnology Reviews.