You’re listening to “Bird Flu Intel: Facts, Not Fear, on H5N1.”

Today we’re cutting through the noise on bird flu, also known as H5N1, using the best available science, not headlines or hype.

Let’s start with what H5N1 is. It’s a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus that primarily affects birds, especially poultry. According to the World Health Organization and the U.S. CDC, it has spread widely in wild birds and poultry over the past few years, and more recently has infected some mammals, including dairy cattle and a small number of people who had close contact with sick animals.

Now, some common misconceptions.

Myth one: “H5N1 is already a human pandemic.” That’s false. WHO and CDC report that human cases remain rare, and almost all have direct exposure to infected animals or their environments, not other people. There is no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission at this time. That means the virus is a serious veterinary and public health concern, but it is not behaving like a pandemic virus in humans right now.

Myth two: “If you drink milk or eat eggs, you’ll get bird flu.” The U.S. FDA and CDC have found that pasteurization inactivates H5N1 in milk, and properly cooked poultry and eggs do not spread the virus. The risk comes from direct, unprotected contact with sick animals, raw milk, or contaminated environments, not from the regulated food supply.

Myth three: “The mortality rate is 50 percent for everyone infected.” Early reports focused on very severe, hospitalized cases, which made the virus look deadlier than it may be. More recent studies, including work summarized by the CDC and in medical journals like JAMA Network Open, show that mild and even asymptomatic infections occur. That means the true fatality rate, while still serious, is lower than those early, scary numbers suggested.

Myth four: “Scientists are hiding that it’s all a lab-made bioweapon.” There is no credible evidence for this. Genetic analyses published by global influenza laboratories show that current H5N1 strains evolved from earlier avian influenza viruses in birds, with stepwise changes over time, not the hallmarks of engineered manipulation.

So how does misinformation spread? Fast, emotional posts on social media, misread preprint studies, outdated data, and deliberate disinformation campaigns all play a role. Misinformation can push people to ignore real risks, stigmatize farmers, attack public health workers, or fall for fake cures instead of proven protections.

Here are tools you can use to evaluate what you hear:

Ask: What is the source? Is it WHO, CDC, your national health agency, or a peer-reviewed journal, or is it a random account?
Is the claim consistent with multiple independent expert sources, or only one sensational post?
Does the article clearly separate what is known, what is uncertain, and what is speculation?
Are there conflicts of interest, like someone selling a product tied to the claim?

Current scientific consensus is that H5N1 is:
Primarily a bird virus with large impacts on poultry and wildlife.
Capable of infecting some mammals, including humans, usually after close exposure.
Not yet efficiently spreading person to person.
Being closely monitored worldwide, with vaccines, antiviral drugs, and surveillance tools already in development or available.

There are real uncertainties. Scientists are still studying how often mild or silent infections occur in people, how the virus might adapt in mammals like cattle or pigs, and which mutations could make human-to-human spread more efficient. They are also learning how best to protect workers, manage animal outbreaks, and prepare vaccines in case the virus changes.

Staying informed means tracking updates from trusted health agencies, being wary of dramatic claims without solid...