The provided text consists of excerpts from an article in The Atlantic titled "The Perfect Astronaut Is Changing," published on June 17, 2025, and authored by Erin Berger. The article examines how the qualifications and ideal characteristics for astronauts must evolve to meet the unique challenges of a future mission to Mars, which will involve years of isolation and unforeseen environmental obstacles. Historically, NASA has favored engineers and pilots, but the text suggests that terrestrial explorers and outdoor professionals—who are accustomed to navigating challenging environments and long-term isolation—might be better suited for deep-space travel. The piece discusses how NASA is considering these skill sets, referencing examples like diver Joe Dituri and astronaut Christina Koch, while also addressing the agency's traditional apprehension toward applicants who exhibit a high tolerance for risk. Ultimately, the selection criteria for Martian crews may prioritize skills like autonomy, multi-expertise, and "salutogenesis" (finding intrinsic value in the journey) over current standards.

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