Explore the fundamental science of earthquakes, including how stress accumulates on faults following the elastic rebound theory, and the defining characteristics of fault types and seismic waves (P, S, and surface waves). The episode details the critical distinction between magnitude (energy released at the source) and intensity (shaking effects at a specific location). Learn about rapid advancements in seismology, such as the use of GNSS and InSAR for measuring ground displacement, the emergence of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), and the expansion of Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems like ShakeAlert and the global Android platform. Finally, we examine the evolution of seismic hazard models, including the 2023 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) update, insights from recent complex events (e.g., supershear rupture and multi-fault cascades), and essential steps for community preparedness, such as practicing "Drop, Cover, Hold On".