When the economy stumbles into a recession or overheats with inflation, who steps in to steer the ship? The answer lies with two of the most powerful forces in economics: Fiscal and Monetary Policy. But how do they work? Who wields them? And what happens when they pull in opposite directions?

In the milestone tenth episode of Economics, host Sameer Gupta unpacks the essential toolkits used by governments and central banks to manage the entire economy. We'll demystify the high-stakes decisions that shape your job prospects, your savings, and the cost of your mortgage.

This is your definitive guide to the economic control panel. We’ll explore:

• Fiscal Policy (The Government's Playbook): How taxes and government spending are used to boost a sluggish economy or cool down an inflationary one.

• Monetary Policy (The Central Bank's Arsenal): The science behind interest rates and other tools used to control the money supply and maintain price stability.

• The Push and Pull: The classic debate between using government stimulus (Fiscal) versus adjusting the cost of borrowing (Monetary) to solve economic problems.

• Real-World Battles: Analyzing recent responses to financial crises and recessions to see these two powerful weapons in action.

Understanding these levers is key to decoding everything from budget headlines to Federal Reserve announcements. This episode will transform you from a passive observer into an informed citizen, equipped to understand the greatest economic debates of our time.

Master the fundamentals of how our world is managed. Subscribe to "Economics" on Spotify for the complete journey.