This summary explores the theological and aesthetic evaluation of music and pleasure from the early church through the Reformation, focusing heavily on the thought of Augustine and Martin Luther. It traces the historical shift in musicology from a Platonic, speculative, and mathematical approach to a more empirical and practical understanding, particularly concerning its psychological impact. A significant thread is the debate on the role of sensual pleasure (voluptas) and joy (gaudium) in Christian worship and spiritual life, with Augustine expressing caution toward aural delights, while Luther elevates music as an optimum Dei donum (best gift of God) intimately connected with the affective nature of faith and the proclamation of the Gospel. Furthermore, the text contrasts Luther's perspective, which values music for its inherent joy and ability to move affections, with the more intellect-driven, orderly approach of reformers like John Calvin.

Book: Luther’s Theology of Music: Spiritual Beauty and Pleasure by Miikka E. Anttila