In this episode of OSCE Talk, Matthew and Peter discuss heart failure — a core topic in cardiology and a common OSCE presentation.
They explore the key differences between left- and right-sided heart failure, how to recognise acute versus chronic cases, and what to ask during a focused patient history. You’ll also learn about diagnostic tests such as BNP and echocardiography, plus the four pillars of heart failure management that every student should know.
A simulated patient history helps bring the theory to life, showing how to structure your questions and interpret findings in real time.
Key Takeways
Heart failure presents in a variety of ways — think beyond breathlessness.
Left-sided HF causes pulmonary symptoms; right-sided HF leads to peripheral oedema.
Myocardial infarction is a major risk factor.
BNP and echocardiograms are essential for diagnosis.
Management includes ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and diuretics.
Ask about orthopnoea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea (PND).
Use the NYHA classification to assess functional severity.
Acute pulmonary oedema is a medical emergency — act fast.
Communicate clearly to reduce patient anxiety and improve understanding.
00:00 – Introduction to Heart Failure
02:20 – Understanding Heart Failure Types and Causes
02:58 – Diagnostic Criteria for Heart Failure
05:40 – Management and Treatment of Heart Failure
08:00 – Patient History Simulation for Heart Failure
11:57 – Clinical Examination and Investigations
15:04 – Chronic vs Acute Heart Failure
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