This research by Bry Willis examines the contradiction between how democratic participation is justified and how it is actually managed. While political theorists often claim that suffrage is grounded in rational competence and autonomy, the author argues that modern states actually allocate rights using arbitrary proxies, such as age thresholds. These categorical boundaries fail to reflect individual capacity, yet they are maintained because they provide administrative stability and ease of governance. Ultimately, the paper concludes that competence talk functions as a stabilising rhetoric that makes inclusion seem principled while masking the arbitrary nature of legal boundaries. By highlighting this disjunction, Willis suggests that the gap between theory and practice is a structural necessity for maintaining democratic legitimacy.

👉 https://philosophics.blog/2025/12/26/democracy-competence-and-the-curious-case-of-the-missing-test/