The collection of sources provides a broad overview of the rapidly evolving payments landscape, focusing on several key innovations and their associated challenges. Prominently featured are Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) schemes, which offer interest-free instalment payments but raise concerns about consumer debt and require eventual regulation, as confirmed by the Financial Conduct Authority. The texts also address the critical need for real-time security and compliance in instant payment systems like FedNow and SEPA, noting that this necessitates advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to effectively combat fraud and sanctions risk within rapid settlement windows. Furthermore, the sources explore the complexity and high cost of cross-border payments, advocating for solutions like ISO 20022 and fintech platforms to enhance transparency and speed. Finally, the growing trend of embedded payments—integrating financial solutions into non-financial platforms for growth—and the security mechanism of payment tokenization are highlighted as crucial elements in modernising the customer experience.