In this episode of The Leadership Enigma, I am joined by Dr. Khairunnisa Mohamedali, a social scientist with over ten years of experience in organisational culture, innovation and human-centred design. Together, they uncover why anthropology — the study of people in their contexts — is one of the most overlooked yet powerful tools for modern leaders. 💡 Key Learnings You’ll Take Away from This Episode: The Power of the Outsider: Like a fish that doesn’t notice the water it swims in, leaders often miss the environment they operate in. Outsiders challenge assumptions, spot hidden patterns, and reveal the “invisible” forces shaping culture. Observation Over Assumption: Leaders are often so busy doing that they rarely stop to observe. Anthropology teaches the value of participant observation — stepping back to watch, listen, and sense the weak signals before they become problems. Diversity as an Advantage: True innovation comes when leaders create space for diverse voices and perspectives, rather than falling into the echo chamber of “this is how we’ve always done it.” Empathy in a Polarised World: With AI and social media amplifying echo chambers, leaders must practise empathy — valuing different perspectives and treating people as experts of their own lived experiences. The Human System Comes First: In 2025 and beyond, strategy and targets mean little if leaders cannot align their people around shared behaviours, belonging, and purpose. The human system is the priority — everything else flows from it. Storytelling as a Leadership Superpower: We are wired for stories. Leaders who can connect strategy, purpose, and people through storytelling build trust, belonging, and emotional engagement. 👉 Whether you’re leading a global organisation or a small team, this episode will challenge you to think differently, to see differently, and to lead with a deeper understanding of the human system at the heart of every business. Don’t miss this thought-provoking conversation on why anthropology just might be the leadership skill you never knew you needed. 👍 Like, subscribe, and share The Leadership Enigma for more inspiring insights from global experts. ❓ Looking to learn more about The Smarty Train and their human-centered approach to solutions, insights and research? ➡️ Connect with Khairunnisa: www.linkedin.com/in/khairunnisa-mohamedali-phd ➡️ What we do: thesmartytrain.com/what-we-do/ ➡️ Workplace insights: https://thesmartytrain.com/insights/ ➡️ 2025 Early Careers Trends Report: https://eco.thesmartytrain.com/early-careers-trends-report