The podcast explores the murky past of government experimentation on its own citizens. It delves into infamous events like the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, where Black men were misled into believing they were being treated for various ailments when they were actually part of a study about syphilis. The uncovering of this study led to significant medical research reforms. The host also discusses the disturbing MKUltra program where the CIA performed tests aiming to control minds and behaviors, largely without participant consent. The podcast further reviews chemical and biological testing during the Cold War era, like Operation Sea-Spray where a bacterial cloud was released over San Francisco without residents' knowledge. Lastly, the podcast covers the subsequent reforms brought about due to these events, underscored by the National Research Act of 1974, and emphasizes the necessity of upholding individuals' rights and well-being in any research setting.