In this installment of the Ask a Counselor series, Professor G—a seasoned academic counselor and professor with over 20 years of experience at Sacramento City College—shares expert advice on the three main educational paths available at California community colleges. Whether you're a first-generation student, parent, or educator, this guide will clarify your options and help you make confident, informed decisions. Why Community College? Professor G shares that the community college system changed his life—and the lives of thousands of students he’s worked with. Unlike some larger institutions, community colleges serve real people facing real-life challenges. It's where you see students balancing work, family, and academics—students who need support, flexibility, and clear guidance to reach their goals. The Three Core Paths You Can Pursue California’s community colleges are structured to support students in three distinct ways: 1. Career Certificates: Fast-Track Training for Immediate Employment Career certificates are for students who want to quickly enter the workforce. These programs skip general education requirements like English, history, or math, and focus only on career-specific skills. For example, a student interested in becoming an auto mechanic can earn certificates in: Brakes, Transmissions, Engines, and Smog inspection Other high-demand fields include: Cybersecurity, Networking, Programming, Early childhood education, Cosmetology, Computer-aided drafting, and Electronics technology Important Note: Not all certifications are created equal. Some lead to high-paying jobs—sometimes even more lucrative than jobs requiring a university degree—while others may offer more modest salaries. It’s critical to research the earning potential of your chosen field before committing. 2. Associate’s Degrees: Build a Solid Educational Foundation The Associate’s Degree is a two-year program (typically 60 units) that provides broader academic preparation and more flexibility for future goals. Some more rigorous programs, like nursing or engineering, may require up to 90 units due to their complexity and prerequisites. You can earn associate’s degrees in areas such as: Administration of Justice, Business Management, History, Math, and Computer Science. Professor G shares his own journey—completing a general education associate’s degree in six semesters because he wasn’t sure of his major yet. This flexibility can be especially helpful for students still exploring their interests. 3. Transfer to a University: A Smarter Path to a Bachelor's Degree The third path is for students aiming to earn a bachelor’s degree but want to save money by starting at a community college. Here’s how it works: - Complete general education and university-specific requirements- Maintain the required GPA- Apply to transfer to a university as a junior (third-year student) This route allows students to complete the first half of their degree affordably at a community college, then finish the second half at a four-year institution. A reality check: Most students do not graduate in four years. In fact, 60–70% take five or more years to complete their bachelor’s degree, balancing school with life and work. And that’s okay! What About Associate Degrees for Transfer (ADTs)? Yes, Associate Degrees for Transfer (ADT) exist—and they’re valuable. But Professor G offers a word of caution: these degrees can be confusing for students at the start of their journey. Here’s what you should know: - ADTs are specific transfer pathways tied to certain majors. - Not every major has an ADT. - Even without an ADT in your major, you can still transfer to a university in that field. For example, Sacramento City College offers 15–20 transfer degrees, but students can still transfer in hundreds of majors that don’t have dedicated ADTs. So, don’t let the absence of a transfer degree in your field hold you back. Focus on your desired major and target university, and then build