Show description: The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists mapped tens of thousands of blockchain transactions and linked billions of dollars in illicit cryptocurrency flows to centralized exchanges and physical crypto-to-cash storefronts. The probe involved more than 100 journalists across 35 countries and combined on-chain pattern analysis, public records, and field reporting to connect digital transfers to real-world cash operations. Investigators traced funds tied to drug cartels, human trafficking rings, large-scale scams, North Korean state-backed hacking groups, and sanctioned entities through layered wallet hops, exchange liquidity, and deposit addresses linked to exchanges. Named exchanges in the reporting include Binance, OKX, HTX, Coinbase, Kraken, Bybit, Kucoin, and WhiteBIT. Journalists identified cash desks that advertise quick conversion with minimal verification and documented deep transfer ties between those desks and exchange accounts. The report documents hundreds of millions of dollars moving between cash desks and exchanges and highlights one instance in which customer accounts at a single exchange received more than $400 million from one high-risk operator over a two-year window. The investigation found repeated compliance failures including bypassed automated ID checks, weak third-party vendor screening, delayed detection of multi-hop laundering chains, repeated receipt of funds from flagged wallets without timely freezes, and inconsistent escalation when funds touched high-risk jurisdictions or sanctioned counterparties. The report states that these failures create counterparty risk for trading desks, market makers, lending platforms, DAOs, and treasuries that rely on centralized exchange liquidity or fiat rails. The investigation recommends that teams map exposure to named exchange clusters and known high-risk cash-out nodes, require granular attestations from venues and OTC counterparts, formalize vendor and agent screening, segment liquidity, implement pre-deposit and pre-withdrawal wallet risk scoring, increase use of real-time transaction risk models, and document escalation playbooks and provenance logs. The report says regulators will likely target weak controls, cash desk networks, and off-ramp partners, push for greater data sharing and tighter standards, and that exchanges are expected to tighten onboarding, raise monitoring thresholds, increase account freezes and retroactive reviews, and restrict access for higher-risk segments, which will affect liquidity, fee structures, and access to fiat conversion. The report advises investors to incorporate exchange and market maker compliance posture into deployment decisions and prepare for higher compliance costs, delayed settlements, and potential frozen balances. 

Source: https://theweb3.news/crypto/icij-illicit-flows-major-exchanges/

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