When we began the gospel of Luke, we learned about the conception of John the Baptist, the forerunner of Jesus who would prepare the way for his coming. John’s prophetic preaching in the wilderness drew a crowd. If you’re familiar with the old testament prophets, you’ll notice that John’s candor and style of speaking reflect that of prophets who have gone before them. Along with the exhortations and commands to repent, John good news to the people, for one more worthy of attention was coming. Jesus visits John to be baptized and as he prays, a miraculous sign occurs.

Today we’ll read the passage that so many of us have read and cherished year after year in celebration of Christ’s birth during the Christmas season. During a government-mandated census where the population of the Roman empire is required to present themselves to be counted, Joseph travels with his very pregnant fiancée to Bethlehem. The Christ is born to humble parents in a humble place under humble circumstances. The angels announce his birth to humble shepherds who hurry to see what has happened, and they leave praising God and telling others the remarkable news. All of this is even more remarkable, when we consider that our sovereign God chose these circumstances for his incarnation.

In our last reading the angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah to announce the conception of his son, whom we know as John the Baptist. Gabriel also appeared to Mary to announce that she would conceive a son by the power of the Holy Spirit who would be the promised Son of David, Jesus the Christ. In today’s episode, when Mary goes to visit Elizabeth an unexpected interaction takes place, and both women praise God in response. Later, when John is born, Zechariah’s tongue is loosed and he prophesies concerning his son.

Luke, the physician, sets the stage for his gospel account by telling his friend that his goal in writing is to compile an orderly narrative of the accounts he has accumulating concerning Jesus. He begins by retelling what happened to Zechariah and to Mary when each was visited by the angel Gabriel. This messenger from the heavens announces the conception of two different babies: one born to Elizabeth would who would go before the Messiah, and one born to Mary who be that promised Son of David.

For more information visit commuterbible.org or patreon.com/commuterbible

Friends, we’ve reached the final chapter of the final book of the New Testament, which means we have also reached the end of our reading plan for the year. Today, John sees the river of the water of life flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb. Whereas the first Adam fell into sin and death by eating from a tree, the second Adam from above provides a tree of life which heals the nations. John hears the Lord say that he is coming soon, and that his reward is with him. He declares himself to be the Alpha and the Omega, the root and descendant of David, and the bright morning star.

While the message of “Immanuel, God with us” is rightly accented at Christmastime, it is neither the beginning nor the end of the idea. In fact, God’s presence with his people is a story arc that begins in Genesis and finds it fruition here in Revelation. In the new heaven and the new earth the Lord will be with his people in the fullest and more final sense. A new Jerusalem appears with massive walls but with 12 open gates named after the 12 apostles of the Lamb. The walls and streets are made of transparent gold, and even the foundations are adorned with jewels. All of this imagery connotes that this city is secure, beautiful, and wanting for nothing. There is no temple in this city, for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are it’s temple.

There are many things written in the book of Revelation that are confusing and sometimes even scary, but one truth shines brightly throughout the message of this book: in the end Christ is unfathomably glorious and eternally victorious. In our last episode, Babylon the Great fell and the world mourned. Today, the vast multitude of heaven cheers that God’s righteous judgment is begin executed. Christ appears as a rider on a white horse whose robe is dipped in blood, and the sword from his mouth will strike the nations who refused to repent. The beast and its armies will be slain, and Satan will be bound. The slain in Christ who had not submitted to the beast are raised from the dead to reign with Christ for a thousand years. Ultimately, Satan is thrown into the lake of fire, along with all of those whose name is not found in the book of life.

In our last episode, an angel escorted John to a wilderness where he saw a woman on a scarlet beast. That woman has “Babylon the Great” written on her forehead. Today, another angel with great authority proclaims that Babylon has fallen. This lament is modeled after the lament found in Jeremiah 51, one of the longest chapters in Scripture, which declares the fall of the historic Babylon. Since Revelation is a book about the future, we don’t know exactly what this represents, but it is likely that Babylon is representative of a global power in rebellion against God. Merchants mourn her demise, for they had grown rich from her. Finally, a mighty angel hurls a large stone into the sea, saying that Babylon will fall like this, never to rise again.

Seven angels have poured out seven bowls of wrath, and today, one of them approaches John and carries him away in the Spirit to a wilderness. There, he sees a woman sitting on a scarlet beast. The woman is clothed in lavish and expensive attire, but holds a cup with every detestable thing. Moreover, she is drunk on the blood of the saints and the witnesses of Jesus. “Babylon the Great” is written on her forehead. The angel then explains the beast and its seven heads, stating that they represent seven mountains and seven kings. The beast itself represents an eighth king. It’s ten horns also represent ten kings which reign briefly, give their power and authority to the beast, and who unsuccessfully wage war with the Lamb.

In our last episode the Son of Man appeared, seated on a cloud with a sickle in his hand. He harvested the earth with a single swing, and with a second swing he gathered the grapes for the winepress of God’s wrath. Today, the heavenly temple, also called the tabernacle of testimony, opens. Out of this temple, seven angels come forth to retrieve 7 golden bowls which are filled with God’s wrath. The first bowl produces painful sores for those who served the beast. The second bowl turns the sea to blood causing all life in the sea to die. The third bowl, likewise, turns the rivers and springs to blood. The fourth bowl intensifies the sun’s heat. The fifth bowl is poured on the throne of beast, plunging its kingdom into darkness. The sixth bowl dries up the Euphrates. The seventh bowl brings a number of natural disasters.

The last few chapters have been focused on the dragon and the two beasts that arose from the sea and from the earth. In our last reading, we learned that the number of the beast is 666 and that this number or the beast’s name were to be marked on the right hand or on the forehead of everyone one earth. Today, the focus switches from the dragon to the Lamb who stands on Mount Zion with the 144,000. They have the Father’s name on their foreheads, and stand aloft, unharmed by the dragon or the two beasts. Three angels fly high overhead warning of judgment on Babylon and those who worship the beast and its image. The Son of Man appears, seated on a cloud with a sickle in his hand. He harvests the earth with a single swing, and soon thereafter the rest of the earth harvested for wrath.

As the dragon stands on the shore, a beast comes out of the sea. It has ten horns and seven heads, each horn has a crown and each head has a blasphemous name. One head appears to have been fatally wounded, but has since been healed. The earth is enamored with the beast and worships the dragon, who gave the beast authority. The beast speaks blasphemies against God and wages war against the saints. Another beast comes up from the earth whose two horns are like that of a lamb, but whose voice is like that dragon. It exercises the authority of the beast on it’s behalf and makes everyone on earth receive a mark on their right hand or forehead.

The book of Revelation is full of imagery and prophecy, which means that as we read there will be many confusing passages that Christians may disagree on and which I will not be able to cover at length here. Some see this next section as an overlap, sort of a call back to what has already been described at a different angle. The sign of the woman that gives birth to a child who will rule the nations is full of references to Psalm 2 which in turn is full messianic promises. The dragon is a reference to Satan, who sought to annihilate this promised child through Herod. The woman is later supernaturally sustained for 1260 days, which is the exact amount of time that the two witnesses were protected. Unable to harm the woman, the dragon wages war against those who keep the commands of God.

Thus far in our reading of Revelation, the lamb has opened the seven seals on the scroll and seven angels have come forward to blow trumpets. At this point, only six of the seven trumpets have been blown. Today, a mighty angels appears with a small scroll, which John commanded to eat; it tastes as sweet as honey, but it makes his stomach bitter. Two unnamed witnesses appear and are given authority to prophesy and to declare plagues. When their time is complete, the beast will arise to kill them. Though they will lay slain in street for three and a half days, at which point the breath of God will enter them and they will rise to their feet. When the seventh trumpet is blown, the 24 elders declare that “the kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will reign forever and ever.”

The lamb has taken the scroll from the one seated on throne and has opened the first six of its seven seals. Today, the lamb opens the seventh seal. After a period of silence, seven angels with seven trumpets appear. With each successive trumpet blast a series natural disasters and plagues occur reminiscent of the plagues released upon Egypt in the time of Moses. After six of the seven trumpets have been blown, we are told that those who survived these plagues remain unrepentant of their works of lawlessness. As we read, keep in mind that the number seven often represents perfection or completion in Scripture.

When we last read from Revelation, we were in the throne room of God and the Lamb approached to open the seals of a scroll. Today, the Lamb opens the seals. We see a pattern in the first four seals that includes the opening of a seal followed by one of the four living creatures saying “Come!” In each instance a horse and a rider appear, sometimes appearing in surreal forms. The fifth seal prompts distribution of white robes to those who had been slaughtered because of the word of God as they cry out for judgment and holy vengeance. The sixth seal prompts violent natural disasters. Later, John sees the sealed of Israel, 12,000 from each tribe. After this, the apostle sees a vast multitude from every tribe, nation, people, and language crying out in worship before throne.

The letters to the seven churches have concluded, and in today’s episode the apostle John sees a vision of the throne room of heaven. The hymn “Holy, Holy, Holy” harkens back to this seen where 24 elders cast their crowns before the throne as a sign of humility and submission. To say that God is thrice-fold holy is to say that he is perfect in his holiness. The four living creatures bring to mind the angels seen in the visions of Ezekiel, representing God’s power and authority. One like a slaughtered lamb appears to take the scroll from the one seated on the throne, causing those who had gathered to bow before the lamb. A congregation of thousands upon thousands rise up to declare the praise of the one on the throne and of the lamb that was slain.

John is receiving direct revelation from Jesus Christ concerning what he should write to seven churches of his day. In our last episode we covered the churches at Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, and Thyatira. Today we’ll cover the churches of Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea. Sardis was known for being alive in Christ, but in reality they were dead. The Lord discerns between those who have kept their way pure and those who have defiled themselves. The church in Philadelphia is commended for enduring in faithfulness even though they has but little power; to them belong the promise of a new Jerusalem. The church in Laodicea is compared to the luke-warm water that was piped into the city: neither cold and refreshing nor hot and therapeutic. Their riches had deceived them into thinking they didn’t need to rely on the Lord.

After the apostle John opens with an introduction to his vision, he begins to record the words of Jesus to the seven churches. In today’s reading we’ll cover the first four of the seven churches, including Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, and Thyatira. The Ephesian church is commended for not tolerating evil people, but rebuked for forgetting their love for the Lord. The church in Smyrna is encouraged, for even though they are poor, they are rich in Christ; they are further warned that their suffering will soon increase. The church at Pergamum live in a highly idolatrous city, and though they suffer for their faithfulness, there are some among them who are idolatrous. Finally, the church at Thyatira are commended for being loving, faithful, servants who endured much, but condemned for tolerating a sexual immoral woman who convinces others to join her in deviancy.