Dr. Russell Sharp explores how breeders, genetic tools (including CRISPR) and environmental controls in hydroponics can reduce strong or bitter flavours in vegetables. He highlights examples—low‑sulphur Brussels sprouts and onions, milder marrows/zucchini, soap‑free coriander, low‑oxalate spinach, less‑phenolic eggplant and sweeter lettuce—and points to hydroponic fertilizer strategies and business opportunities for growers and breeders. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/soil-conditioners/liquid-gypsum/ Christoph Matthes — Kultursaat e.V.Nigel Kingston — Syngenta SeedsKevin Dudley — Cloughjordan Community FarmPat Malone — Cloughjordan Community FarmAlfred Breed (Senior) — Mertoun GardensDavid Cain — International Fruit Genetics (IFG)Rob Johnston Jr. — Johnny’s Selected SeedsV. Ognev — Agrofirm PoiskN. Geraskina — Agrofirm PoiskFrits Herlaar — Rijk Zwaan Hoza Zaden — Hoza ZadenAllium Seeds UK — Allium Seeds UKBejo Zaden — BejoDe Groot en Slot — De Groot en SlotNunhems — BASF Vegetable SeedsSeminis — Bayer Crop ScienceSyngenta Vegetable Seeds — SyngentaRijk Zwaan — Rijk ZwaanEnza Zaden — Enza ZadenSakata Seed Corporation — SakataTakii & Co. — TakiiTokita Seed — Tokita SeedHazera — LimagrainHM.CLAUSE — LimagrainVilmorin-Mikado — LimagrainClause Tezier — LimagrainGautier Semences — Gautier SemencesTozer Seeds — Tozer SeedsPop Vriend Seeds — Pop Vriend SeedsKWS Vegetables — KWS SAAT SEEast-West Seed — East-West SeedKnown-You Seed — Known-You SeedAdvanta Seeds — UPLNamdhari Seeds — Namdhari SeedsMahyco Vegetable Seeds — MahycoNippon Norin Seed — Nippon Norin Seed Co.Mikado Kyowa Seed — Mikado Kyowa SeedKaneko Seeds — Kaneko SeedsNongWoo Bio — NongWoo BioAsia Seed — Asia Seed Co., Ltd.Dongbu Farm Hannong Seed — Nongwoo Bio GroupSakata Korea — Sakata Seed CorporationSakata EMEA — Sakata Seed CorporationSakata Vegetables Europe — Sakata Seed CorporationEnza Zaden Research — Enza ZadenRijk Zwaan Research — Rijk ZwaanBejo Research — BejoSyngenta Seeds Research — SyngentaTakii Europe — TakiiTakii Japan — TakiiHazera Netherlands — LimagrainVilmorin SA — LimagrainHM.CLAUSE USA — LimagrainClause (France) — LimagrainGroupe Florimond Desprez — Florimond DesprezNickerson-Zwaan — LimagrainHollar Seeds — Hollar SeedsAmerican Takii — TakiiPanAmerican Seed — Ball Horticultural CompanyBall Seed Vegetable Program — Ball Horticultural CompanyBaker Creek Heirloom Seeds — Rare Seeds (Baker Creek)W. Atlee Burpee — BurpeePark Seed — Park SeedHarris Seeds — Harris SeedsSeedway — SeedwayTerritorial Seed Company — Territorial SeedHigh Mowing Organic Seeds — High Mowing Organic SeedsVitalis Organic Seeds — Enza ZadenBingenheimer Saatgut — Bingenheimer Saatgut AGSativa Rheinau — Sativa Rheinau AGReimer Seeds — Reimer SeedsFerry-Morse — Central Garden & PetBotanical Interests — Epic GardeningSeeds of Change — Seeds of ChangeThompson & Morgan — Thompson & MorganMr Fothergill’s — Mr Fothergill’s SeedsKings Seeds — Kings SeedsSuttons Seeds — Suttons SeedsDobies — DobiesD.T. Brown — D.T. BrownEden Brothers — Eden BrothersJohnny’s Selected Seeds — Johnny’s Selected SeedsAdaptive Seeds — Adaptive SeedsReal Seeds — The Real Seed CompanyFranchi Sementi — Franchi SementiSemenzaio Artigianale Italiano — SAIS S.p.A.CN Seeds — CN SeedsUnwins — Unwins SeedsMaraldi Sementi — Maraldi SementiSemo (Czech Republic) — SEMO a.s.MoravoSeed — MoravoSeedVesco Seeds — VESCO SeedsBeidahuang Seed — Beidahuang GroupWinall Seed — Winall Hi-Tech SeedYuan Longping High-Tech — Longping High-TechChina National Seed Group — China National Seed Group (CNSGC)Bayer Vegetable Seeds — Bayer Crop ScienceBASF Vegetable Seeds — BASFLimagrain Vegetable Seeds — LimagrainKWS Saat — KWS SAAT SEEnza Zaden USA — Enza ZadenRijk Zwaan USA — Rijk Zwaan

Dr. Russell Sharp closes out Hydroponics Daily’s 2025 run with a compact guide to the most toxic plants. He explains why “natural” or “plant‑derived” doesn’t mean safe and shares examples of species that can cause severe harm. The episode lists the top poisonous plants to watch for, such as hemlock, giant hogweed, deadly nightshade, Brugmansia, monk’s hood, yew, oleander, castor bean, water hemlock and foxglove, plus practical safety warnings for growers and gardeners. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Tony Knight — Colorado State UniversityRichard Walter — Colorado State UniversityJames Pfister — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryBryan Stegelmeier — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryMichael Ralphs — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryDale Gardner — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryKip Panter — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryBenedict Green — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryKermit Price — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryClinton Stonecipher — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory Kevin D. Welch — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryDaniel Cook — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryScott Larsen — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryJennifer Colvin — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryTracy McCluskey — USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research LaboratoryLynn James — USDA-ARSStephen B. Lee — USDA-ARSDerek Bailey — USDA-ARSMichael H. Smith — USDA-ARSDaniel R. Gardner — USDA-ARS Elizabeth A. Dauncey — Royal Botanic Gardens, KewNicola Bates — Veterinary Poisons Information ServiceSally Bradberry — National Poisons Information ServiceSimon Thomas — National Poisons Information ServiceAllister Vale — National Poisons Information ServiceMichael J. Balick — New York Botanical GardenLewis S. Nelson — Rutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolRichard D. Shih — Weill Cornell MedicineNoah Whiteman — University of California, BerkeleySonny Larsson — Uppsala University Sarah Lister — ASPCA Animal Poison Control CenterAhna Brutlag — Pet Poison HelplineJustine Lee — Pet Poison HelplineTina Wismer — ASPCA Animal Poison Control CenterSteven Hansen — Pet Poison HelplineTimothy J. Evans — University of IllinoisRebecca H. McClanahan — University of California, DavisPhilippa A. Smith — Royal Botanic Gardens, KewEimear M. Nic Lughadha — Royal Botanic Gardens, KewWilliam Milliken — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Edward P. Krenzelok — Pittsburgh Poison CenterRobert S. Hoffman — NYU Grossman School of MedicineWilliam Banner — Oklahoma Center for Poison & Drug InformationPaul M. Wax — UT Southwestern Medical CenterHenry A. Spiller — Kentucky Poison Control CenterMary Ann McGregor — Texas Poison Center NetworkKurt A. Kleinschmidt — Texas Poison Center NetworkDonna L. Seger — Tennessee Poison CenterChristine Murphy — National Capital Poison CenterGwen Wurm — Oregon Poison Center David Trinklein — University of Missouri ExtensionKaren Funkenbusch — University of Missouri ExtensionRalph Whitesides — Utah State University ExtensionCorey Ransom — Utah State UniversityBret A. Scasta — University of WyomingKeith Johnson — Purdue University ExtensionDebra Hagstrom — University of Illinois ExtensionTom Dudek — University of Arizona Cooperative ExtensionMaryline Seigler — University of FloridaStephen L. Welsh — Brigham Young University Craig A. Schmutz — University of SaskatchewanDavid W. Hulbert — University of QueenslandCaroline Veresoglou — Freie Universität BerlinDaniel J. Kliebenstein — University of California, DavisMark A. D. Goodwin — University of GeorgiaJames A. Duke — USDAJulia F. Morton — University of MiamiLawrence Kaplan — University of Massachusetts BostonPeter A. Cock — Australia (Plant Toxins Research) Robyn M. Gleadow — Monash UniversityIan E. Cock — RMIT UniversityPhilippa M. Forrester — University of SydneyMary T. Fletcher — The University of QueenslandRobert J. Petroski — University of Queensla

Host Dr. Russell Sharp of Hydroponics Daily explains how hydroponic fertigation and his product Gold Leaf (Liquid Gold in the UK) can be used to biofortify edible crops with nutrients like iodine, selenium, iron, zinc and silicon. The episode covers practical benefits, higher micronutrient content, potential shelf-life and quality improvements, and serious cautions, especially selenium toxicity, stressing professional handling and precise dosing. Listeners learn why hydroponics makes targeted nutrient enrichment easier than soil, which crops have been shown to respond (lettuce, basil), and how biofortification might impact human nutrition and future dietary needs. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Howarth E. Bouis — International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) / HarvestPlus Amy Saltzman — HarvestPlus Wolfgang H. Pfeiffer — HarvestPlus / CGIAR J.V. Meenakshi — IFPRI Ekin Birol — IFPRI / HarvestPlus Edward A. Boy — HarvestPlus Dean A. Boy — HarvestPlus Daniel Asare-Marfo — IFPRI / HarvestPlus Erick Boy — HarvestPlus Jan W. Low — International Potato Center (CIP) Robert O.M. Mwanga — International Potato Center (CIP) Maria I. Andrade — International Potato Center (CIP) Hugo Campos — International Potato Center (CIP) Graham Thiele — International Potato Center (CIP) Marcin G. Wirth — ETH Zürich Ines Slamet-Loedin — International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) B.P. Mallikarjuna Swamy — International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Rainer Schulin — ETH Zürich Roslyn B. Gleadow — Monash University Christine H. Foyer — University of Birmingham Ismail Cakmak — Sabanci University Güzel Velu — CIMMYT Iván Ortiz-Monasterio — CIMMYT R.P. (Ravi) Singh — CIMMYT Velu Govindan — CIMMYT Yuri (Y.) Hao — CIMMYT Manish Roorkiwal — ICRISAT Rajeev K. Varshney — CSIRO / formerly ICRISAT Hari D. Upadhyaya — ICRISAT Rajeev Gupta — CSIRO Michael J. Welch — Cornell University Ross M. Welch — Cornell University Robin D. Graham — University of Adelaide Richard D. Thompson — ETH Zürich Philip J. White — The James Hutton Institute Martin R. Broadley — University of Nottingham Steven P. McGrath — Rothamsted Research Andy R. Smith — University of Cambridge Cathie Martin — John Innes Centre Lionel J. Dupont — INRAE Victor Raboy — USDA-ARS Paul M. Hasegawa — Purdue University Jian-Kang Zhu — Purdue University David E. Salt — University of Nottingham Nicolaus von Wirén — Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Ute Krämer — Ruhr University Bochum Hakan Wallin — Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) M.S. (Mike) Griffiths — University of York Elad Tako — Cornell University Julia F. Kotzé — University of Pretoria Richard P. Glahn — USDA-ARS Raymond P. Glahn — USDA-ARS James P. Li — University of Minnesota Tom L. Sleper — University of Missouri Dean DellaPenna — Michigan State University Robert A. McClung — Carnegie Mellon University Peter Beyer — University of Freiburg Ingo Potrykus — ETH Zürich Paola Carillo — University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Roberto Papa — Marche Polytechnic University Cristóbal Uauy — John Innes Centre Nigel G. Halford — Rothamsted Research Peter R. Shewry — Rothamsted Research Alison J. Smith — University of Cambridge Catherine J. Dixon — University of Leeds Darren J. Plett — CSIRO Agriculture and Food Mark Tester — University of Adelaide Jana K. Scharfenberg — University of Hohenheim Ivan Baxter — Donald Danforth Plant Science Center Brian Larkins — University of Arizona Torbert Rocheford — Purdue University Regina A. Feil — University of Bonn Karl-Josef Dietz — Bielefeld University Hans-Peter Braun — Leibniz University Hannover Elizabeth A. Ainsworth — USDA-ARS / University of Illinois Donald R. Ort — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Krishna K. Niyogi — University of California, Berkeley Sabeeha S. Merchant — University of California, Berkeley Joanna Barłóg — Poznań University of Life Sciences Mariola K. Kozak — Warsaw University

Dr. Russell Sharp explains how to choose and use microbial biostimulants for hydroponics, focusing on production/expiry dates, manufacturer credibility, and the trade-offs between liquid and powder formulations. He recommends trusted suppliers (Legume Technology, Omex/Biomex, Symbiom, Koppert's Trianum P), suggests starting with Bacillus blends and Trichoderma, and advises using seaweed extracts, humic acids and mild fertilizers to feed, not kill, microbes. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Ben Lugtenberg — Leiden University Jos M. Raaijmakers — Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Corné M. J. Pieterse — Utrecht University Paola Bonfante — University of Turin Ian R. Sanders — University of Lausanne Toby Kiers — Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Uta Paszkowski — University of Cambridge Marcel G. A. van der Heijden — Agroscope Jan Jansa — Agroscope Marc-André Selosse — Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris) Francis Martin — INRAE (France) Jonathan D. Leake — University of Sheffield David J. Read — University of Sheffield Katie J. Field — University of Sheffield David Johnson — University of Aberdeen Mark Brundrett — University of Western Australia Sally E. Smith — University of Adelaide Suzanne Simard — University of British Columbia Nancy C. Johnson — Northern Arizona University Matthias C. Rillig — Freie Universität Berlin Katharine A. Horton — University of Canterbury Michael J. Ryan — University of Sydney Caroline P. P. N. “Caro” Veresoglou — Freie Universität Berlin Tim Daniell — The James Hutton Institute David E. Crowley — University of California, Riverside Egbert Schwartz — University of Arizona Sharon L. Doty — University of Washington Fitri A. Widiastuti — Bogor Agricultural University Bernard R. Glick — University of Waterloo Everlon C. Rigobelo — São Paulo State University (UNESP) Harsh P. Bais — University of Delaware Indranil Mukherjee — Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Dilfuza Egamberdieva — Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) Naveen K. Arora — Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Rainer Borriss — Humboldt University of Berlin Blanca B. Landa — Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (CSIC, Spain) Philippe Lemanceau — INRAE Christophe Prigent-Combaret — Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Sonia Compant — AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Kornelia Smalla — Julius Kühn-Institut Angela Sessitsch — AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Gustavo Santoyo — Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Roberto Kolter — Harvard Medical School Jeffrey L. Dangl — University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Paul Schulze-Lefert — Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Marcel Dicke — Wageningen University & Research Wietse de Boer — Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Linda Thomashow — USDA-ARS (Pullman) David M. Weller — USDA-ARS (Pullman) Cheryl B. Anderton — Washington State University Gary E. Harman — Cornell University Matteo Lorito — University of Naples Federico II Sheridan L. Woo — University of Naples Federico II Christian P. Kubicek — TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) Irina S. Druzhinina — TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) Enrique Monte — University of Salamanca Charles M. Kenerley — Texas A&M University Sam E. Gryzenhout — University of the Free State László Kredics — University of Szeged Gábor Szakács — Budapest University of Technology and Economics B. A. Horwitz — Weizmann Institute of Science Alfredo Herrera-Estrella — LANGEBIO (CINVESTAV, Mexico) Alfredo Herrera-Estrella (Plant–microbe) — Irapuato Unit, CINVESTAV Antonietta “Tetta” Vinale — University of Naples Federico II Massimo Zaccardelli — CREA (Italy) Francesco S. “F.” Camera — University of Padua Antonio Di Pietro — University of Córdoba Fernando C. “F.” López-Bucio — Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Pedro A. H. M. Bakker — Utrecht University Jasper F. van der Putten — Netherlands Institute of Eco

Dr. Russell Sharp explores research showing that squashes, pumpkins and other cucurbits can absorb persistent hydrophobic pollutants (PCBs, dioxin-like compounds, organochlorine pesticides and furans) because a specific plant protein binds these chemicals and transports them into the fruit. The episode covers the health and food-safety implications, the potential to breed low-accumulating varieties or use phytoremediation, and why growing these crops hydroponically is a safer alternative to avoid soil-borne, long-lasting pesticides. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Todd C. Wehner — North Carolina State UniversityWarren Barham Henderson — North Carolina State UniversitySam Jenkins — North Carolina State UniversityChris Hernandez — University of New HampshireA. F. Yeager — University of New HampshireElwyn Meader — University of New HampshireJ. Brent Loy — University of New HampshireCecilia E. McGregor — University of GeorgiaPamela D. Roberts — University of FloridaRebecca Grumet — Michigan State UniversityZhangjun Fei — Boyce Thompson InstituteYiqun Weng — USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit (Madison, WI)Jim Myers — Oregon State UniversityChuck Bornt — Cornell Cooperative ExtensionMargaret Tuttle McGrath — Cornell UniversityMichael Mazourek — Cornell UniversityJocelyn (Joss) Rose — Cornell UniversityNeil Mattson — Cornell UniversityAlan G. Taylor — Cornell UniversityElizabeth Maynard — Purdue UniversityRosie Lerner — Purdue UniversityKatie Parker — University of Illinois ExtensionBruce Bugbee — Utah State UniversityMark Brand — University of ConnecticutGerald Berkowitz — University of ConnecticutVance Whitaker — University of FloridaCraig Schluttenhofer — Central State UniversityDan Putnam — University of California, DavisBrad Hanson — University of California, DavisRebecca Sideman — University of New HampshireLouise Russell — The James Hutton InstituteDavid Simpson — NIAB EMRHoward Griffiths — University of CambridgeTracy Lawson — University of EssexErik H. Murchie — University of NottinghamMalcolm Hawkesford — Rothamsted ResearchYiguo Hong — University of WorcesterOwen Atkin — Australian National UniversitySusanne von Caemmerer — Australian National UniversityGraham Farquhar — Australian National UniversityRana Munns — CSIRORobert D. Furbank — CSIRONoel Cogan — Agriculture Victoria ResearchGerman Spangenberg — Agriculture Victoria ResearchSimone Rochfort — Agriculture Victoria ResearchMathew A. Gilliham — University of AdelaidePeter Langridge — University of AdelaideUte Roessner — University of MelbourneMark Lefsrud — McGill UniversityAdam Dale — University of GuelphRowan F. Sage — University of TorontoAndrew Jamieson — Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Kentville)Hugh Daubeny — Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Summerland)Kim Lewers — USDA-ARSJames Luby — University of MinnesotaJohn R. Clark — University of ArkansasPatrick Conner — University of GeorgiaDavid Suchoff — North Carolina State UniversityJason Griffin — Kansas State UniversityZelalem Mersha — Virginia State University

Dr. Russell Sharp reviews Hydroponics Daily in 2025, highlighting the top podcast episodes, surprising listener interests (pH, nutrient lockup, microgreens), event highlights, product plans, and both wins and challenges from the year. He also covers industry news, unusual stories like illegal grows, predictions for 2026, and plans to shift the podcast format while continuing to support growers and new products. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Larry Smart — Cornell UniversityVirginia Moore — Cornell UniversityChristine Smart — Cornell UniversityAlan Taylor — Cornell University(Jocelyn) Joss Rose — Cornell UniversityGlenn Philippe — Cornell UniversityNeil Mattson — Cornell UniversityNick Kaczmar — Cornell UniversityLynn Sosnoskie — Cornell UniversityYu Jiang — Cornell UniversityChang Chen — Cornell UniversityAlireza (Ali) Abbaspourrad — Cornell UniversityBruno Xavier — Cornell UniversityRoger Morse — Cornell UniversityOlga Padilla-Zakour — Cornell University Gerald Berkowitz — University of ConnecticutMark Brand — University of Connecticut Bruce Bugbee — Utah State University Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme Filho — Southern Illinois University Carbondale Carla Garzon — Delaware Valley University Youbin Zheng — University of Guelph Marco Todesco — University of British Columbia Dan Putnam — University of California, DavisRobert B. Hutmacher — University of California, DavisCharlie Brummer — University of California, DavisDaniel Pap — University of California, DavisBrad Hanson — University of California, DavisSara Light — University of California, DavisMaya Hotz — University of California, DavisKadie Britt — University of California, RiversideMahboubeh Dehnavi — University of California, Davis Nicole Gauthier — University of KentuckyBob Pearce — University of KentuckyRaul Villanueva — University of Kentucky Whitney Cranshaw — Colorado State University Ismail Dweikat — University of Nebraska–Lincoln Timothy Coolong — University of Georgia David Suchoff — North Carolina State University Jason Griffin — Kansas State University Mitchell Dale Richmond — University of Tennessee Zelalem Mersha — Virginia State UniversityShilpi Chawla — Virginia State UniversityElizabeth Geyer — Virginia State UniversityRamesh Dhakal — Virginia State UniversityShuxin Ren — Virginia State University Rufus Akinrinlola — University of TennesseeZachariah Hansen — University of Tennessee Alyssa Collins — Penn State Extension Raul Cabrera — Rutgers UniversityTom Gianfagna — Rutgers UniversityJohn McLaughlin — Rutgers UniversityJim Simon — Rutgers UniversityAndrew Wyenandt — Rutgers University Noel Cogan — Agriculture Victoria ResearchAaron Elkins — Agriculture Victoria ResearchGerman Spangenberg — Agriculture Victoria ResearchSimone Rochfort — Agriculture Victoria ResearchAshley Isbel — Agriculture Victoria ResearchVilnis Ezernieks — Agriculture Victoria Research Antony (Tony) Bacic — La Trobe UniversityMathew G. Lewsey — La Trobe University Peter Duggan — CSIROStuart Gordon — CSIRO Andrew Fuller — Bridge Farm BioscienceRay Marriott — Bridge Farm Bioscience Craig Schluttenhofer — Central State University Mark Lefsrud — McGill University Nitin Mantri — RMIT University

Dr. Russell Sharp examines the effects of coffee and tea on plants, explaining how caffeine and other compounds (tannins, organic acids, sugars) can act as low-dose biostimulants but become inhibitory or toxic at higher doses. He covers root drench vs foliar applications, allelopathy, impacts on microbes and pests, and how repeated use can harm photosynthesis, nutrient uptake and root health. Practical takeaways: occasional small amounts may help rooting, but regularly pouring leftover caffeinated drinks on houseplants can cause overwatering, chemical stress, microbial shifts and long-term damage—so avoid routine use and be cautious if trying coffee grounds as pest deterrents. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Joanne Chory — Salk Institute (USA) Mark Estelle — University of California San Diego (USA) Steve Kay — University of Southern California (USA) Krishna K. Niyogi — University of California Berkeley (USA) Bob B. Buchanan — University of California Berkeley (USA) Chris R. Somerville — University of California Berkeley (USA) Julin N. Maloof — University of California Davis (USA) Pamela A. Ronald — University of California Davis (USA) Daniel J. Kliebenstein — University of California Davis (USA) Justin O. Borevitz — University of California Berkeley (USA) Natasha Raikhel — University of California Riverside (USA) Julia Bailey-Serres — University of California Riverside (USA) Siobhan Brady — University of California Davis (USA) Michael F. Thomashow — Michigan State University (USA) Sheng Yang He — Michigan State University (USA) Brad Day — Michigan State University (USA) Federica Brandizzi — Michigan State University (USA) Jian-Kang Zhu — Purdue University (USA) Scott Poethig — University of Pennsylvania (USA) Zhenbiao Yang — University of California Riverside (USA) Dominique Bergmann — Stanford University (USA) Sharon R. Long — Stanford University (USA) Wolf B. Frommer — Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (USA) Martin Yanofsky — University of California San Diego (USA) Joseph R. Ecker — Salk Institute (USA) Detlef Weigel — Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen (USA) Xuelin Wu — University of Maryland (USA) Kent D. Chapman — University of North Texas (USA) Donald R. Ort — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (USA) Stephen P. Long — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (USA) Elizabeth A. Ainsworth — USDA-ARS (USA) Rebecca Bart — Donald Danforth Plant Science Center (USA) Blake C. Meyers — Donald Danforth Plant Science Center (USA) Jim Giovannoni — Cornell University (USA) Tom Brutnell — Cornell University (USA) Christine Foyer — University of Birmingham (UK) Philip Poole — University of Oxford (UK) Andrew Fleming — University of Sheffield (UK) Alistair M. Hetherington — University of Bristol (UK) Carolin Müller — University of Freiburg (UK) Ian Graham — University of York (UK) Philip Mullineaux — University of Essex (UK) John P. Carr — University of Cambridge (UK) Cathie Martin — John Innes Centre (UK) Pernille Brodersen — University of Exeter (UK) Jill Harrison — University of Bristol (UK) Ottoline Leyser — University of Cambridge (UK) Jim Haseloff — University of Cambridge (UK) Dale Sanders — John Innes Centre (UK) R. George Ratcliffe — University of Oxford (UK) Charles Godfray — University of Oxford (UK) Liam Dolan — University of Oxford (UK) James U. U. (Jim) Whelan — University of Western Australia (Australia) Barry J. Pogson — Australian National University (Australia) Owen Atkin — Australian National University (Australia) Susanne von Caemmerer — Australian National University (Australia) Graham Farquhar — Australian National University (Australia) Sally Aitken — University of British Columbia (Canada) Carl J. Douglas — University of British Columbia (Canada) Justin P. K. L. (Justin) Borevitz — Australian National University (Australia) Marilyn Ball — Australian National University (Australia) Rana Munns — CSIRO (Australia) Mark Tester — King Abdullah U

Dr. Russell Sharp explores the story behind cotton candy grapes, explaining how they were created through patient, traditional plant breeding rather than artificial flavouring or genetic modification. He describes the selection process, the natural flavour compounds involved, and the decade-long effort by breeders to bring this unique-tasting fruit to market. The episode also looks at research into breeding strawberries and other fruits for distinctive flavours, the role of modern genomic tools in speeding selection, and how these novel varieties could intersect with hydroponic and vertical farming systems. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Sun World — John Harley International Fruit Genetics — David Cain SNFL — Jean-Luc Stalon Bloom Fresh — Chris Davey ARRA — Stefano Di Michele Sheehan Genetics — David Sheehan Grapa Varieties — Luca Fini Great Growers Partnerships — Jim Beagle Vine Genetics — Paul Boss CSIRO — Anthony Borneman USDA-ARS Parlier — David Ramming USDA-ARS Geneva — Bruce Reisch Cornell Grapes — Bruce Reisch UC Davis Viticulture & Enology — Andy Walker UC Riverside Grapes — Pat Brown Washington State University Grapes — Markus Keller Oregon State University Grapes — Patty Skinkis Michigan State University Grapes — Paolo Sabbatini University of Minnesota Fruit Breeding — James Luby University of Arkansas Grapes — John Clark University of Georgia Grapes — Patrick Conner Texas A&M Viticulture — Lorenzo Rossi North Carolina State Muscadine Breeding — Renee Threlfall Florida A&M Grape Breeding — Jeff Wasielewski Florida UF/IFAS Grapes — Peter Cousins Agroscope Grapevine Breeding — Andreas Hund INRAE Grapevine Breeding — Patrice This IFV — Thierry Lacombe University of Bordeaux Vine & Wine — Eric Boissenot UTAD — Henrique Ribeiro Instituto Superior de Agronomia — Antero Martins CREA Viticulture — Stefano Poni Fondazione Edmund Mach — Marco Stefanini Geilweilerhof — Reinhard Töpfer Hochschule Geisenheim — Hans Reiner Schultz Wädenswil Viticulture — Jürg Linde University of Milan Viticulture — Attilio Scienza University of Turin Viticulture — Anna Schneider University of Adelaide Viticulture — Paul Dry AWRI — Rob Walker University of Stellenbosch Viticulture — Gert Nieuwoudt ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij — Danie Myburgh Volcani Center Grapevine — Eyal Tanne INIAV — Antero Martins Embrapa Uva e Vinho — Murillo de Albuquerque Regina INTA — Walter Biasi Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Viticulture — Laura Catena Catena Institute of Wine — Alejandro Vigil University of Chile Viticulture — Patricio Hinrichsen Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Viticulture — José Bordeu Driscoll’s — Steve Nelson Plant Sciences — Doug Shaw Berry Genetics — Kirk Larson Lassen Canyon Nursery — Patrick Phillips California Berry Cultivars — Doug Shaw USDA-ARS Strawberry Corvallis — Kim Lewers UC Davis Strawberry Breeding — Doug Shaw UC ANR — Mark Bolda UF Strawberry Breeding — Vance Whitaker University of Arkansas Strawberry Breeding — John Clark North Carolina State Strawberry Breeding — Gina Fernandez Michigan State University Strawberry Breeding — Chad Finn Cornell Strawberry Breeding — Marvin Pritts Oregon State University Strawberry Breeding — Chad Finn Washington State University Strawberry Breeding — Chuck Brun University of Minnesota Strawberry Breeding — Jim Luby University of Wisconsin Strawberry Breeding — Craig Chandler Penn State Strawberry Breeding — Marvin Pritts Rutgers Strawberry Breeding — James Polashock University of Maryland Strawberry Breeding — Chris Walsh University of Massachusetts Strawberry Breeding — Jaime Pinero University of New Hampshire Strawberry Program — Becky Sideman Agriculture Canada Kentville — Andrew Jamieson University of Guelph Berry Breeding — Adam Dale Summerland Research — Hugh Daubeny NIAB EMR — David Simpson East Malling Strawberry Breeding — David Simpson James Hutton Institute — Louise Russell Wageningen Berry Breeding — Arnaud Wybou

Dr. Russell Sharp exposes a growing problem of fake plant listings and AI-generated seed scams on Amazon and other marketplaces, showing how buyers are being misled by impossible varieties (like bright blue hostas) and foreign drop-shippers. He explains how to protect yourself—check seller and nursery credentials, prefer reputable nurseries or local stores—and shares a real seed mix-up story to contrast honest mistakes with deliberate fakes. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ More reputable growers and seed sellers: Burpee — W. Atlee Burpee & Co. Ferry-Morse — Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Botanical Interests — Botanical Interests, Inc. Seed Needs — Seed Needs LLC Outsidepride — Outsidepride, Inc. Eden Brothers — Eden Brothers Seed Co. Harris Seeds — Harris Seeds Park Seed — Park Seed Co. Renee’s Garden — Renee’s Garden Seed Co. Seeds of Change — Seeds of Change, Inc. High Mowing Organic Seeds — High Mowing Seed Co. Sow Right Seeds — Sow Right Seeds HOME GROWN — Homegrown Garden Open Seed Vault — Open Seed Vault Survival Garden Seeds — Survival Garden Seeds Mountain Valley Seed Company — Mountain Valley Seed Company David’s Garden Seeds — David’s Garden Seeds Everwilde Farms — Everwilde Farms, Inc. Southern Exposure Seed Exchange — Southern Exposure Seed Exchange Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds — Baker Creek Heirloom Seed Co. Territorial Seed Company — Territorial Seed Company Johnny’s Selected Seeds — Johnny’s Selected Seeds Livingston Seed — Livingston Seed Company Lake Valley Seed — Lake Valley Seed Company Seed Savers Exchange — Seed Savers Exchange Annie’s Heirloom Seeds — Annie’s Heirloom Seeds Indigo Instruments (Sprout People) — The Sprout People Handy Pantry — Handy Pantry True Leaf Market — True Leaf Market NatureZ Edge — NatureZ Edge Islas Garden Seeds — Islas Garden Seeds Organo Republic — Organo Republic Sereniseed — Sereniseed CZ Grain — CZ Grain Gardeners Basics — Gardeners Basics The Dirty Gardener — The Dirty Gardener Marde Ross & Company — Marde Ross & Company Food to Live — Food to Live NOW Foods — NOW Health Group, Inc. Frontier Co-op — Frontier Cooperative Starwest Botanicals — Starwest Botanicals, Inc. Nature Jims Sprouts — Nature Jim’s Sprouts Sproutman — Sproutman Publications Back to the Roots — Back to the Roots, Inc. Tumbleweed Plant Co. — Tumbleweed Plant Co. Costa Farms — Costa Farms, LLC Proven Winners — Proven Winners North America, LLC Altman Plants — Altman Plants LiveTrends — LiveTrends Design Group Shop Succulents — Shop Succulents Succulent Studios — Succulent Studios The Sill — The Sill, Inc. Hirt’s Gardens — Hirt’s Gardens American Plant Exchange — American Plant Exchange Plants for Pets — Plants for Pets Brighter Blooms — Brighter Blooms Nursery Perfect Plants — Perfect Plants Nursery Nature Hills Nursery — Nature Hills Nursery, Inc. Bloomify — Bloomify House Plant Shop — House Plant Shop JM Bamboo — JM Bamboo Florida Foliage — Florida Foliage Green Promise Farms — Green Promise Farms Rooted (Rooted Plants) — Rooted Easy to Grow — Easy to Grow Bulbs Van Zyverden — Van Zyverden, Inc. Holland Bulb Farms — Holland Bulb Farms Breck’s — Breck’s Colorblends — Colorblends Wholesale Flowerbulbs Eden Brothers Bulbs — Eden Brothers Gurney’s — Gurney’s Seed & Nursery Co. Stark Bro’s — Stark Bro’s Nurseries & Orchards Co. Spring Hill Nurseries — Spring Hill Nurseries Wayside Gardens — Wayside Gardens White Flower Farm — White Flower Farm Monrovia — Monrovia Nursery Company Logee’s — Logee’s Plants for Home & Garden Wellspring Gardens — Wellspring Gardens Brighter Gardens — Brighter Gardens Blue Ribbon Plants — Blue Ribbon Plants Green Escape — Green Escape Golden Gate Palms — Golden Gate Palms FastGrowingTrees.com — Fast Growing Trees, LLC Brussel’s Bonsai — Brussel’s Bonsai Nursery Eastern Leaf — Eastern Leaf, Inc. Seedville USA — Seedville USA Seeds2Go — Seeds2Go Nature’s Blossom — Nature’s Blossom Garden Republic — Garden Republic Th

Dr. Russell Sharp explains how melatonin — a molecule known for human sleep and stress regulation — is produced by plants and acts as a powerful antioxidant and growth regulator. In hydroponics it can enhance root growth, improve stress tolerance under high light or unstable conditions, delay leaf senescence, and support photosynthesis and secondary metabolite production. Applied as a foliar spray, seed priming, or added to nutrient solutions at micromolar concentrations, melatonin is water-soluble and allows precise dosing in soilless systems. Research shows benefits in crops like tomato and lettuce, with increased root-to-shoot ratios and higher antioxidant levels under stress. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Russel Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Rakesh K. Singh — Banaras Hindu University Nasser Al-Aghbar — King Abdulaziz University Rajeev K. Varshney — International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Chao Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Wei Wei — Zhejiang University Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel J. Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Sergiu F. Chivu — University of Bucharest Guang-Yu Chen — Zhejiang University Xing-Guo Lu — South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shuang-Qing Peng — South China Agricultural University Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Wei Meng — Zhejiang University Natalia Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Chunhua Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Javier Martinez — University of Granada Ana Cano — University of Granada Russel J. Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Debabrata Chattopadhyay — Bose Institute Fanyue Meng — Zhejiang University Chao Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Bin Xu — Nanjing Agricultural University Wei Wei — Zhejiang University Maria Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Sergey Kvetnoy — Russian Academy of Sciences Jian-Kang Zhu — University of California, Riverside Chunhua Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Xiaohong Zhu — South China Botanical Garden Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Iwona Zielenkiewicz — Polish Academy of Sciences Yali Zhang — Zhejiang University Fang Fang — Nanjing Agricultural University Xinyue Wang — South China Botanical Garden Sonia Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Gonzalo Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Javier Martinez — University of Granada Ana Cano — University of Granada Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Yi Li — Zhejiang University Chunhua Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Wei Wei — Zhejiang University Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel J. Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Rajeev K. Varshney — ICRISAT Rafael Guerrero — University of Granada Juan Pablo Martínez — University of Granada Natalia Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Chunhua Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Wei Wei — Zhejiang University Dun-Xian Tan — University of Texas Health Science Center Russel Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Javier Martinez — University of Granada Ana Cano — University of Granada Chao Zhao — Nanjing Agricultural University Fang Fang — Nanjing Agricultural University Xinyue Wang — South China Botanical Garden Maria Reiter — University of Texas Health Science Center Sergey Kvetnoy — Russian Academy of Sciences Jian-Kang Zhu — University of California, Riverside Fanyue Meng — Zhejiang University Guang-Yu Chen — Zhejiang University Shuang-Qing Peng — South China Agricultural

Host Dr. Russell Sharp tackles a Twitter claim that hydroponic crops lack micronutrients and are artificially flavoured, explaining why those assertions are incorrect and how micronutrient levels can be measured (e.g., atomic absorption spectroscopy). He reviews research on manipulating flavor through nutrient levels, light, and biostimulants, notes the limited and mixed evidence, and concludes there is no solid proof of intentional artificial flavouring in hydroponic produce; soilless systems can match or even enhance some flavour-related compounds. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Gary Reineccius — University of MinnesotaAndrew Taylor — University of NottinghamRussell Keast — Deakin UniversityCharles Spence — University of OxfordHarrison Schmitt — Virginia TechMorten Møller — University of CopenhagenJohn Hayes — Penn State UniversityQian Janice Wang — Aarhus UniversityMarcia Pelchat — Monell Chemical Senses CenterBarry Smith — University of London Linda Bartoshuk — University of FloridaPaul Breslin — Monell Chemical Senses CenterDanielle Reed — Monell Chemical Senses CenterBarry Green — Monell Chemical Senses CenterThomas Hummel — Technical University of DresdenAlan Hirsch — Smell & Taste Treatment and Research FoundationSusan Schiffman — Duke UniversityMolly Birnbaum — Freelance Food WriterHarold McGee — Freelance Food WriterKantha Shelke — Corvus Blue Tim Hanni — Master of Wine InstituteGeoffrey Talavera — Freelance Flavor ConsultantPeter Schieberle — Technical University of MunichThomas Hofmann — Technical University of MunichCorinna Dawid — Technical University of MunichVeronika Somoza — University of ViennaMorten Andersen — University of CopenhagenChristophe Lavalle — AgroParisTechStéphane Guichard — INRAEThierry Thomas-Danguin — INRAE Erich Leitner — Graz University of TechnologyHans-Georg Schmarr — University of HohenheimElke Pawelzik — University of GöttingenMichael Witting — Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenRalf Zimmermann — University of RostockFrancesco Capozzi — University of BolognaGiovanni Capuano — University of Naples Federico IIMaurizio Servili — University of PerugiaRosa Lo Scalzo — CREA ItalyPaolo Masella — University of Parma Fidel Toldrá — Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de AlimentosMaría Dolores del Castillo — Spanish National Research CouncilDolores Coreta-Gomis — University of ValenciaJuan Fernández-García — University of GranadaAna Bayarri — University of ValenciaMarta Corredig — Aarhus UniversityMarina Heinonen — University of HelsinkiAnu Hopia — University of TurkuKees de Graaf — Wageningen University & ResearchGerry Barker — University of Leeds Jean-Marie Lehn — Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchWilfried Meyerhof — German Institute of Human NutritionMaik Behrens — German Institute of Human NutritionJohn Prescott — University of OtagoAnna M. Di Monaco — University of Naples Federico IICatherine Barry — University College DublinAurelio Lopez-Malo — Universidad de las Américas PueblaRosario Zamora — Institute of Advanced Chemistry of CataloniaIsabel Hernando — Polytechnic University of ValenciaDolores Torres — University of Zaragoza Jean-Pierre Cotter — International Organization of the Flavor IndustryRobert Hall — Flavor and Extract Manufacturers AssociationHervé This — AgroParisTechArielle Johnson — Independent Flavor ResearcherDave Arnold — Museum of Food and DrinkAli Bouzari — Pilot R&DPeter Barham — University of BristolFrançois Chartier — INRAEGérard Trystram — AgroParisTech

Dr. Russell Sharp examines a warning from the UK Urban AgriTech group that a planned 94% increase in electricity network standing charges from April 2026 could dramatically raise operating costs for vertical farms and greenhouses, risking business failures, reduced domestic produce and higher food prices. The episode explains how horticulture is excluded from the energy-intensive industries exemption, compares UK energy costs with EU competitors, and outlines how razor-thin margins make indoor growers particularly vulnerable; calling for urgent policy review and industry engagement. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Leo Marcelis — Wageningen University & ResearchErik Runkle — Michigan State UniversityNeil Mattson — Cornell UniversityBruce Bugbee — Utah State UniversityRoberto Lopez — Michigan State UniversityChieri Kubota — Ohio State UniversityYoubin Zheng — University of GuelphToyoki Kozai — Chiba UniversityGenhua Niu — Texas A&M AgriLife ResearchA.J. Both — Rutgers University Peter van Weel — Wageningen University & ResearchEugene Jones — University of ArizonaCary Mitchell — Purdue UniversityKlaus Stanghellini — Wageningen University & ResearchBert van Ruijven — Wageningen University & ResearchFrank Kempkes — Wageningen University & ResearchEp Heuvelink — Wageningen University & ResearchSilvia Pampuri — Wageningen University & ResearchSimon Pearson — University of LincolnDavid Llewellyn — Harper Adams University Paul Hadley — University of ReadingJeremy Burdon — Harper Adams UniversityMark Else — Cranfield UniversityGraham Wallace — James Hutton InstituteJames Locke — USDA Agricultural Research ServiceDewayne Ingram — University of KentuckyMichelle Jones — Ohio State UniversityKevin Folta — University of FloridaMichele Montero — University of AlmeríaJuan Fernández — University of Almería Kees van der Velden — Wageningen University & ResearchArtemis Koukounaras — Aristotle University of ThessalonikiGiacomo Tosti — University of BolognaRita Maggini — University of PisaPaolo Sambo — University of PaduaLorenzo Pardossi — University of PisaAlessandro Ferrante — University of MilanGabriele Costa — University of BolognaLuigi De Bellis — University of SalentoFrancesco Orsini — University of Bologna Michael Struik — Wageningen University & ResearchAndrew Neilson — University of NottinghamZhenhua He — University of FloridaHaijun Liu — Zhejiang UniversityYuanhui Zhang — University of IllinoisQingwu Guan — Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXiuming Hao — Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaBob Hansen — Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaXiaohong Yang — Nanjing Agricultural UniversityJianjun Chen — University of Florida Pramod Pandey — University of IllinoisArun Kumar — Indian Agricultural Research InstituteSanjay Kumar — Indian Institute of Horticultural ResearchRajesh Kumar — Punjab Agricultural UniversityHiroshi Shimizu — Kyoto UniversityMasaharu Kitano — Kyushu UniversityYasushi Ishigami — University of TokyoToshihiko Kozai — Chiba UniversityKeisuke Omasa — University of TokyoHirokazu Takahashi — Tohoku University

In this episode we examine why carnivorous plants and bonsai often struggle in coco grow media — coco (coir) can contain high sodium and is frequently buffered with calcium nitrate, resulting in elevated calcium and nitrogen compared with peat. The host suggests a fix: use raw high-sodium coco and flush it with Liquid Gypsum (calcium sulfate) to remove sodium without adding nitrogen, creating a peat-free grow medium suited to carnivorous plants and bonsai and a potential niche business idea. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/soil-conditioners/liquid-gypsum/ Ryan Neil — Bonsai Mirai Bjorn Bjorholm — Eisei-en Bonsai Michael Hagedorn — Crataegus Bonsai Peter Chan — Herons Bonsai Walter Pall — Freelance Bonsai Artist Mauro Stemberger — Italian Bonsai Academy Kimura Masahiko — Kinbon Bonsai Garden Takeyama Takashi — Fujikawa Kouka-en Shinji Suzuki — Kaizen Bonsai Boon Manakitivipart — Bonsai Boon Jonas Dupuich — Bonsai Tonight Sergio Cuan — Bonsai Empire Colin Lewis — Freelance Bonsai Artist Kevin Willson — Bonsai Willson David Easterbrook — Freelance Bonsai Artist Graham Potter — Freelance Bonsai Artist Mauro Di Lorenzo — Bonsai Studio Italiano Eric Schrader — Bonsaify Andy Smith — Golden Arrow Bonsai Tony Tickle — Yardley Bonsai Jim Doyle — Bonsai Garden at Lake Merritt Kathy Shaner — Bonsai Garden at Lake Merritt Kathy and Jim Doyle — Bonsai Garden at Lake Merritt Bill Valavanis — International Bonsai Arboretum Frank Mihalic — Bonsai Artist Nick Lenz — Freelance Bonsai Artist Dan Robinson — Elandan Gardens David Benavente — Bonsai Kai Pedro Morales — Bonsai Sur Salvatore Liporace — UBI Bonsai Jan Schlauer — Carnivorous Plant Society Europe Barry Rice — Carnivorous Plant Society Stewart McPherson — Redfern Natural History Andreas Fleischmann — Botanische Staatssammlung München Charles Clarke — Monash University Fernando Rivadavia — Universidade Estadual de Campinas Robert Cantley — Borneo Exotics Alastair Robinson — Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Andreas Wistuba — Wistuba Carnivorous Plants Lubomír Adamec — Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Peter D’Amato — California Carnivores Barry Meyers-Rice — International Carnivorous Plant Society Richard Nunn — Freelance Carnivorous Plant Grower Ivan Snyder — Freelance Carnivorous Plant Grower Thomas Carow — Green Jaws Marcel van den Broek — Carnivorous Plant Nursery Christian Klein — Kleins Carnivorous Plants Marcel van den Berg — Dutch Carnivorous Plant Society Brian Barnes — California Carnivores Tamlin Magee — Meadowview Biological Research Station Aaron Ellison — Harvard University Paulo Gonella — Universidade de São Paulo Kai Müller — University of Würzburg François Mey — Société Botanique de France Nicolas Riddick — Freelance Carnivorous Plant Grower Adam Karremans — Lankester Botanical Garden Kamil Pásek — Best Carnivorous Plants Christian Dietz — Freelance Carnivorous Plant Researcher Adrian Slack — Carnivorous Plant Author Paul McMillan — Freelance Carnivorous Plant Researcher Tony Tickle — Bonsai Artist Koji Hiramatsu — Shunkaen Bonsai Museum Kunio Kobayashi — Shunkaen Bonsai Museum Masahiko Kimura — Kinbon Bonsai Garden Naoki Maeoka — Japanese Bonsai Artist Taiga Urushibata — Japanese Bonsai Artist Ryuji Suzuki — Japanese Bonsai Artist David De Groot — Bonsai De Groot Andrew Robson — Rakuyo Bonsai Leo Eshkenazi — Freelance Bonsai Artist Jason Chan — Eastern Leaf Kevin Wilson — Bonsai Willson Mark Fields — Evergreen Gardenworks Brent Walston — Evergreen Gardenworks Michael Tran — Muranaka Bonsai Nursery Roy Nagatoshi — Royal Bonsai Garden Mas Iida — Iida Bonsai Nursery Peter Tea — Freelance Bonsai Artist Tony Remington — Freelance Bonsai Artist Harry Harrington — Bonsai4Me Damon Collingsworth — California Carnivores Mike King — Carnivorous Plant Nursery Andreas Fleischmann — Munich Botanical Collection Stewart McPherson — Redfern Natural History Productions Matt Opel — International Carnivorous Plant Society Bob Ziemer — Meadowview Biological Research Station R

In this episode Dr. Russell Sharp explains how dosatrons work and compares practical alternatives for run‑to‑waste hydroponic systems, including Venturi injectors, electric metering pumps, and simple fertigation tanks. He outlines the pros and cons of each option — cost, accuracy, power needs, maintenance, and scale — and covers considerations about recirculation, environmental impact, and regulatory risk. Ideal for growers choosing the right dosing method for medium to large greenhouse operations. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Jean-François Hannequart — Dosatron International Eric Roudaut — Dosatron International Philippe Martin — Dosatron International Pascal Lacroix — Dosatron International David Hull — Dosatron USA Bill Toler — Hydrofarm John Lindemann — Hydrofarm Terry Fitch — Hydrofarm Peter Wardenburg — Hydrofarm Gaby Miodownik — Netafim Ran Bar-Tal — Netafim Eliezer Zilberman — Netafim Poul Due Jensen — Grundfos Anne Grønbjerg — Grundfos Morten Bach Jensen — Grundfos Mikael Geday — Grundfos Bent Jensen — Grundfos Jeremy Brown — Iwaki America John Miersma — Iwaki America Andreas Kleimann — Iwaki Europe Marco Gandolfi — SEKO Davide Galli — SEKO Roberto Mantovani — SEKO Carlo Pizzocaro — SEKO Jim Lauria — Blue-White Industries Brian E. Cooney — Blue-White Industries Paul Van der Wal — Autogrow Systems Chris White — Autogrow Systems Shaun Whiteman — Autogrow Systems Scott Peters — Growlink Ted Tanner — Growlink Ryan Boyle — Growlink Ross Sherwood — Bluelab Darryn Keiller — Bluelab Colin Jennings — Bluelab John Kinsella — Hanna Instruments Oscar Llobet — Hanna Instruments Mark Johnson — Stenner Pump Company Kevin Perry — Stenner Pump Company Paul Riley — Walchem Kevin McDonnell — Walchem Dan Myers — Milton Roy (LMI) Thomas Pfitzner — Milton Roy Maurizio Bianchini — EMEC Marco Bernardini — EMEC Giorgio Bassi — Doseuro Stefano Bertolini — Doseuro Yossi Tal — Tefen Eyal Cohen — Tefen Hanu Pappu — Jain Irrigation Anil Jain — Jain Irrigation Naresh Patel — Jain Irrigation Harmen van der Meer — Priva Rick Van Der Zanden — Priva Erik Jansen — Priva Ben Nijland — Argus Controls Rick Mosher — Argus Controls Pat McIntyre — Argus Controls Don Janssen — AmHydro Gary Hickman — AmHydro Steven Bacon — CropKing Mark Doherty — CropKing Brian Young — General Hydroponics Ron Wold — General Hydroponics James Thompson — Netafim USA Steve Bradley — Netafim USA Mike McDonald — Dosatron USA Tom Ball — Dosatron USA Chris Higgins — Hort Americas Jeff Timmons — Hort Americas Scott Lowry — Current Culture H2O Derek Ruschmann — Current Culture H2O Mark Tracey — Nutriculture Graham Smith — Nutriculture Andrew Turnbull — HydroGarden Lee Stephenson — HydroGarden Nick Brook — Pure Hydroponics Oliver Edwards — Pure Hydroponics Matthew Hay — Autogrow Systems Ben Parsons — Autogrow Systems Chris Higgins — Lumigrow Ryan Donovan — LumiGrow James Eaves — Rivulis Itzhak Nir — Rivulis Moshe Ben-David — Rivulis Daniel Grant — Irritec Marco Sironi — Irritec Yaron Dagan — Bermad Rami Levi — Bermad Avi Peleg — Bermad Paul Shed — Nelson Irrigation Wade Jones — Nelson Irrigation Simon van der Walt — Greencube Pieter van der Merwe — Greencube Steve Mallory — Autogrow USA Mark DeKoster — GrowControl Daniel Stacey — GrowControl Jim Pantaleo — Xylem Patrick Decker — Xylem Kenji Sato — Takemura Electric Works

Hello there, and welcome back to Hydroponics Daily, your go-to podcast for everything soilless cultivation. I am your host, Dr. Russell Sharp, the founder of Eutrema Limited, a company that makes truly unique fertilizers, biostimulants, and biopesticides that you won't find anywhere else. The technology is completely unique. And today, the topic of the podcast is what I would do if I was faced with a virus in my crop. Specifically a crop where you want to protect the genetic material and you can't just throw the plants away often when we say when you've got a virus the first thing you should do is just destroy all plant material but what if you've got a strain a variety a cultivar that only you've got or is protected or is endangered or you need it for a breeding program or something like that and you need to get rid of the virus what are you going to do you can't give plants tamiflu that technology is not available you can't just wait for their immune system to fight the virus off because they don't have immune systems and so there's only really one option that i'm aware of and that's heat treatment so you when you're planting out cuttings tubers bulbs or seeds immersing them in hot water for a defined period can help with virus control. So we're talking about temperatures of 45 to 55 degrees Celsius. So you wouldn't keep plants, not many plants would live at that sort of temperature, they would soon die off, especially unless the humidity was really, really high. But the duration of which you give this treatment is only like 10 to 60 minutes. So in crops that's regularly, perennial crops, herbaceous perennial crops where they regularly suffer from viruses like sugar cane, sweet potato, banana, even grape vines and some ornamentals, you can do this and with success and control viruses. And you're best obviously doing it with smaller plants because smaller the plants, the more effective the treatment will be because of just the temperature profiles and things like that. Now obviously there's a big challenge there it could be phytotoxic it could just kill your plants from the heat but with a bit of experimentation you could find what is the sweet spot for your particular plant and in fact if I was going to do this if I had a plant that I needed to control the viruses I would do it until the plant breaks so I would get maybe 100 cuttings from a virus infected plant and I'd treat 10 at. What did I say the temperature was, 45 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and then all the way up to 10 that would be treated at 55 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes. No idea what that is in Fahrenheit, apologies for American listeners, but it's pretty warm, it's sort of like steam room temperature. So I would do a range and find out at what point did the plants die, and just go slightly below that, and really really stress it, because you don't want any virus particles in that new plant because it will be a source of infection and you will not get a chance to do this twice really so obviously seeds is the easiest but very rarely you won't go on to do that it's after that tubers something dormant a bulb they're going to be much more resistant much more tolerant of those high temperatures whereas a cutting is probably going to be the most sensitive but i would do it until it breaks if you're prepared to lose a few cuttings you could do it on unrooted cuttings and rooted cuttings i'd probably start with rooted cuttings see if you could get away with it because, severely stressing a cutting that's not rooted and then trying to get it to root you know you're not you you're in for a bad case there because you really struggle because it's all the cells are going to be weak and stressed from that heat treatment so i do it on rooted cuttings, newly rooted cuttings, not too much growing media around them. Okay, so that would be my. My suggestion, what are the success rates? If you're doing it on seeds, the sort of typical virus elimination you can ac

Dr. Russell Sharp explores the growing interest in perennial arable crops like Kernza, perennial rice and sorghum, explaining their environmental benefits, current commercial status, and the agronomic challenges they face. The episode also discusses breeding and gene-editing opportunities to improve yield and resilience, and considers how perennial grains might fit into hydroponic and niche high-value markets. https://eutrema.co.uk/ Maqsood Ali Wagan — Sindh Agriculture University Farhan Ali Wagan — Sindh Agriculture University Andrius Grigas — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Dainius Steponavičius — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Indrė Bručienė — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Ričardas Krikštolaitis — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Tomas Krilavičius — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Aušra Steponavičienė — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Dainius Savickas — Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Alejandro Perdomo López — Reaseheath College / University Centre Adrienn S. — Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences S. Upreti — ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute Monica Dutta — Indian Institute of Information Technology Deepali Gupta — Indian Institute of Information Technology Sumegh Tharewal — Indian Institute of Information Technology Deepam Goyal — Indian Institute of Information Technology Jasminder Kaur Sandhu — Indian Institute of Information Technology Manjit Kaur — Indian Institute of Information Technology Ahmad Ali Alzubi — Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Jazem Mutared Alanazi — Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Sreehitha Padala — St. Francis College for Women Saniya Vaishnav — St. Francis College for Women Revathi Saravanan — St. Francis College for Women Basanti Chintapalli — St. Francis College for Women Sandeep Indurthi — Assam Agricultural University Ira Sarma — Assam Agricultural University Chereddy Maheswarareddy — Assam Agricultural University M. R. Islam — Bangladesh Agricultural University M. A. Rahman — Bangladesh Agricultural University S. K. Paul — Bangladesh Agricultural University A. K. Singh — ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute R. K. Yadav — ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute P. K. Singh — ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute J. L. Minhas — ICAR–Central Soil Salinity Research Institute V. P. Singh — ICAR–Central Soil Salinity Research Institute H. R. Sharma — Punjab Agricultural University S. S. Dhillon — Punjab Agricultural University M. A. Al-Khatib — King Saud University A. A. Al-Harbi — King Saud University N. H. Batool — University of Agriculture Faisalabad M. A. Nawaz — University of Agriculture Faisalabad Y. S. Kim — Seoul National University J. H. Lee — Seoul National University T. Matsuo — University of Tokyo K. Yamamoto — University of Tokyo P. J. Botha — University of Pretoria M. J. van der Merwe — University of Pretoria R. N. Singh — Banaras Hindu University S. K. Verma — Banaras Hindu University Alice Withrow — Purdue University

Dr. Russell Sharp explains how Dosatrons (water-powered dosing pumps) mix concentrated fertilizer like Gold Leaf/Liquid Gold into fertigation systems, describing the piston-driven mechanism, proportional injection, and why it maintains a constant concentration despite flow changes. The episode covers practical setup tips for off-grid hydroponics — solenoids, drippers, solar pumps, and how a Dosatron enables accurate, electricity-free dosing, along with limitations (not for powders, pressure loss, very viscous or abrasive chemicals) and a brief mention of Venturi injectors. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/

Dr. Russell Sharp of Hydroponics Daily breaks down the truth behind "cut-and-come-again" vegetables and viral social media hacks, explaining which crops genuinely regrow and which claims are misleading. Learn which leafy herbs and greens can be harvested multiple times, why most bulky vegetables won’t produce a marketable second crop, and when starting fresh is a better option for consistent yields. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Holly Wolf - Wolf of the Wild Ivy Vernalis  Farmer Belle  curlygardens rock.gardener  TheRoseGarden Becky HouzéAbby Hughes  

Dr. Russell Sharp explores advanced preservation methods for flower crops; from freeze-drying and glycerin sap replacement to citric acid treatments used for hops,cand how these techniques can create premium, display-ready products for shops, dispensaries, and e-commerce. This episode offers practical ideas for ornamentals and specialty growers looking to add high-value, long-lasting products to their lineup. https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/   Ryan Hopkins — Yakima Chief Hops Karl VanEvanHoven — Yakima Chief Hops Bryan Pierce — Yakima Chief Hops Denis Gayte — Yakima Chief Hops Missy Raver — Yakima Chief Hops Cesar Silva — Yakima Chief Hops Aric Gamache — Yakima Chief Hops Dean Monshing — Yakima Chief Hops Salvador Benitez — Yakima Chief Hops Chuck St. Mary — Yakima Chief Hops  Drew Gaskell — Yakima Chief Hops Jason Champoux — Yakima Chief Ranches Jason Perrault — Yakima Chief Ranches Tom Davis — John I. Haas Stephanie Conrad — John I. Haas Alex Barth — John I. Haas Stephan Barth — BarthHaas Alexander Barth — BarthHaas Oliver Bergner — BarthHaas Peter Hintermeier — BarthHaas  Prof. Dr. Mirja Steinkamp — BarthHaas Dr. Philipp Ramin — BarthHaas Thomas Raiser — BarthHaas Nic Donald — BarthHaas X David Kerr — BarthHaas X Ian Clarke — BarthHaas X Kevin McCarry — BarthHaas X Enrico Prenni — BarthHaas X Sarah Goddard — BarthHaas X Maria Bailey — BarthHaas X  Jim Solberg — Indie Hops Roger Worthington — Indie Hops Matt Sage — Indie Hops Gayle Goschie — Goschie Farms Glenn Goschie — Goschie Farms Gordie Goschie — Goschie Farms John Coleman — Coleman Agriculture Brandon Davidson — BC Hop Farms Ben Smith — B & D Hop Farms Dave Smith — B & D Hop Farms  Blair Stewart — New Zealand Hops Glynn Rowell — New Zealand Hops Devin Biondi — New Zealand Hops Kerry Sutcliffe — New Zealand Hops Dr. Ron Beatson — New Zealand Hops Owen Johnston — Hop Products Australia Chris Price — Hop Products Australia Grace Irwin — Hop Products Australia Paul Corbett — Charles Faram Will Rogers — Charles Faram

Dr. Russell Sharp outlines the key 2026 dates affecting hydroponic growers (equinoxes, longest day) and recommends major trade shows and conferences worldwide — from IPM Essen and Fruit Logistica to Greentech Amsterdam, Indoor AgCon and MJBizCon. He also highlights UK and crop-specific events, tips for timing indoor grows, and invites listeners to suggest other shows for an updated diary. Tue–Fri 27–30 Jan 2026 — IPM ESSEN (Essen, Germany) IPM ESSEN Wed–Thu 11–12 Feb 2026 — Indoor Ag-Con (Las Vegas, USA) Indoor Ag-Con+1 Tue–Thu 9–11 Jun 2026 — GreenTech Amsterdam (RAI Amsterdam) GreenTech Sat–Sun 8–9 Aug 2026 — UK Hydro Expo (Somerset) (tickets noted as available from 1 Jan 2026 on their site) Uk Hydro Expo+1 Wed–Thu 2–3 Sept 2026 — Four Oaks Trade Show (Cheshire, UK) fouroaks-tradeshow.com https://eutrema.co.uk/shop/fertiliser/liquid-gold-unique-complete-fertiliser/ Simona Bassu — Technical University of Munich Sebastian Eichelsbacher — Technical University of Munich Francesco Giunta — University of Sassari Rosella Motzo — University of Sassari Corinna Dawid — Technical University of Munich Martina Gastl — Technical University of Munich Michael Schloter — Helmholtz Zentrum München Katharina A. Scherf — Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich Stefan Hör — Technical University of Munich Yuri Pinheiro Alves De Souza — Helmholtz Zentrum München Stefanie Schulz — Helmholtz Zentrum München Timo D. Stark — Technical University of Munich Volker Mohler — Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL) Senthold Asseng — Technical University of Munich Mahmoud A. Abdelhamid — Ain Shams University Sobhy M. Mahmoud — Ain Shams University Zeinab M. Hendy — Ain Shams University Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr — Ain Shams University Zhao Zhang — China Agricultural University Monica Dutta — Chitkara University Deepali Gupta — Chitkara University Sapna Juneja — KIET Group of Institutions Saleh AlNadhari — King Saud University Samir Brahim Belhaouari — Hamad Bin Khalifa University Wenyi Liu — Hunan Agricultural University Zhihua Zhang — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Bin Zhang — Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yi Zhu — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Chongwen Zhu — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Chaoyong Chen — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Fangxu Zhang — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Feng Liu — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Jixiang Ai — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Wei Wang — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Wuyuan Kong — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Haoming Xiang — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Weifeng Wang — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Daoxin Gong — Hunan Agricultural University Delong Meng — Hunan University of Science and Engineering Li Zhu — Changde Tobacco Company of Hunan Province Taehyun Roh — Texas A&M University Laura Ashley Verzwyvelt — Houston Methodist Hospital Anisha Aggarwal — Texas A&M University Raj Satkunasivam — Houston Methodist Hospital Nishat Tasnim Hasan — Texas A&M University Nusrat Fahmida Trisha — Texas A&M University Charles Hall — Texas A&M University Ponkamon Ruploet — Kalasin University Kathanyoo Kaewhanam — Kalasin University Sayan Phansoomboon — Kalasin University Anan Piriyaphattarakit — Thailand Institute of Science and Technological Research Amina Haider — Universiti Malaya Muhammad Faisal — Universiti Malaya Laiq Hasan — Universiti Malaya Syed Danish Yousaf — COMSATS University Islamabad Ali Raza — COMSATS University Islamabad Muhammad M. Umer — COMSATS University Islamabad Smart Idumoro Samuel — Landmark University Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye — Federal University Oye-Ekiti Abiodun Afolabi Okunola — Landmark University Adeolu Adediran — Federal University Oye-Ekiti Viroon Kamchoom — King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Natdanai Sinsamutpadung — King Mongkut’s Institute of Technol