Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation, marking the end of a woman's reproductive years, and typically occurs between ages 45 and 55. It is a natural, normal transition with a phase called perimenopause, where symptoms begin gradually as hormone levels change. Common symptoms include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and sleep disturbances, but experiencing them varies for each woman. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and quitting smoking, can help manage symptoms, though some may benefit from medical treatments like hormone therapy or other options for severe symptoms, which require a doctor's consultation.