Everyone thinks they are a great driver. Most drivers think they can judge a safe overtake. They can’t.
In this Thinking On Paper shot, Barry Lunn breaks down the sensor technology that sees eight cars ahead, detects velocity before brake lights appear, and intervenes when the driver is about to make a mistake.
Radar, not cameras, not lidar, could be the backbone of next-generation driver assistance. We get into how millimetre-wave signals bounce around traffic, how machines detect danger long before humans register it, and why more than half of global crashes are rear-end collisions that could be prevented with earlier insight.
We also examine what this means for trust: why people resist hands-off driving yet quickly rely on a system that prevents the accidents they didn’t even know they were about to cause.
Please enjoy. And check out our full length technology interviews if you like what you hear.
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What if someone handed you the recipe for a quantum computer? In this episode, that’s exactly what happens.
Coleman Collins of IonQ breaks down DiVincenzo’s criteria, (a checklist proposed by physicist David DiVincenzo) the five capabilities any physical system needs before it can call itself a quantum computer.
There are five criteria.
Mix them all together in a serving bowl and these let you perform any quantum computation you wish.
You now know the foundation behind every major quantum architecture, from superconducting circuits to trapped ions.
Cheers,
Mark and Jeremy.
Keep Thinking On Paper.
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Radiation-hardened space electronics don’t get splashy headlines, but nothing in orbit works without them. Starship, the ISS, Amazon’s Project Kuiper, Starlink... the whole caboodle depends on hardware that keeps running when the vacuum, extreme temperatures, and radiation of space would annihilate your laptop plug on Earth.
The extreme environments of space are no place for trial and error with the small things.
Danny Andreev, CEO of Sunburn Schematics, designs those systems for real missions. In this episode of Thinking on Paper, he walks you through what actually keeps spacecraft alive: particle-induced faults, gate-driver failures, thermal shock, and the methods space companies use to mitigate the risks.
We go from chip-level physics to the industrial picture: why the next phase of space isn’t glossy renders but an off-world supply chain built from proven terrestrial machinery, cheaper short-lived satellites, and megawatt-class power standards that mirror EV infrastructure.
It’s an unromantic, inside-the-factory look at how space becomes an industry rather than a spectacle.
What we cover:
- Radiation effects and how engineers harden real hardware
- Why thermal cycling destroys more missions than radiation
- How chips are stress-tested for orbit
- The economics of moving from billion-dollar craft to replaceable fleets
- Why the first lunar machines will look like modified construction gear
- The engineering mindset needed for a multi-planet infrastructure
This is a technical, grounded conversation for people who build things and curious minds who want to learn why and how.
Please enjoy the show. And subscribe. That's the best way to help other people find the channel.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy.
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TIMESTAMPS
(00:00) Thinking On Paper Trailer
(02:59) The Role of DC to DC Converters in Space
(03:46) Challenges of Power Systems in Space
(05:30) Designing for Reliability in Space
(07:13) The Impact of Radiation on Electronics
(08:52) Testing and Validation of Space Electronics
(11:03) Environmental Challenges for Space Electronics
(12:28) Success Rates and Lessons Learned
(15:22) The Importance of Music in Space Missions
(22:30) The Future of Space Exploration
(25:23) Building a Lunar Economy
(27:51) Power Conversion in Space
(31:57) Exciting Developments in Space Technology
(35:13) Philosophical Insights on Space and Life
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If the military had been using AIs in 1983, everyone would be dead. Machines will never be conscious, and that animal instinct saved the world.
This is the story:
On 26 September 1983, Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov sat in a Soviet early-warning bunker watching computers tell him that US nuclear missiles were on their way.
The data said “launch.”
His intuition said “wait.”
Petrov chose to override the system and, in doing so, probably saved the world.
In this Thinking on Paper Book Club short, Mark and Jeremy use the Petrov story as a live case study for one of Federico Faggin’s core arguments in Irreducible: information is not the same as consciousness.
Across a few minutes, they unpack:
Why Petrov’s decision shows the gap between mechanical rule-following and conscious judgment
How “information makes consciousness” sits at the center of Federrio Faggin’s new consciousness theory
Why AI systems that only flip 1s and 0s can’t replicate intuition or qualia. In other words, why AI will never be conscious.
This is a short from our 13-part Book Club on Federico Faggin’s Irreducible.
If you’re interested in AI, consciousness, and the limits of information theory, listen to the full episode for more on information, consciousness, and why Faggin thinks consciousness is irreducible.
Cheers,
Mark and Jeremy.
Keep Thinking On Paper.
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Don Norman gives the clearest, most accessible explanation of humanity centered design there is. He invented the concept, after all.
In this Thinking On Paper short, the Godfather of Design lays out the foundations of why design must expand beyond the individual user and account for society, the planet, and long-term impact.
The core idea is simple: designing for individual users is no longer enough. “What’s wrong,” he says, “is what’s left out.”
Every digital product relies on a physical product. Power systems, infrastructure, data centers, electricity. You can’t ignore these systems when designing a new product.
Designers need to widen their frame. Traditional human-centered overlooks environmental and social consequences.
The hidden costs of digital technology show up far from your phone, laptop, car or magic pen.
Humanity Centered Design teams work with communities instead of imposing solutions. They focus on long-term impact more than short-term convenience.
Don Norman is a legend. He argues that the future of design depends on understanding how products influence society, policy, and the planet, not just usability.
The conversation moves from principles to practice: what sustainable design looks like, how to design without repeating “colonial” patterns, and how to build technology that strengthens communities instead of weakening them.
“We’re all together,” Norman says, summing up his approach.
The responsibility is collective, and so is the impact.
Please enjoy the show.
And share it with a friend.
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Can humanoids dance? Or will the billions of Tesla human robots choose to forgo such technological frivolity?
And why is the universe so empty? Where is all the extraterrestrial life....If space colonization and exploration of the galaxy is fundamental to a level 2 or 3 Kardashev civilization, surely there should be aliens knocking around this corner of the Milky Way?
Perhaps they don't like us. Perhaps they don't want to change our trajectory and choose to remain hidden, giving reckless glances of their power and prowess at random moments. Teasing us with their faster-than-light spaceships.
Or are we as rare and unique as we appear?
Philip Johnston is CEO of Starcloud. They build data centers in space. You'll have seen them trending on Twitter recently as their first satellite was on the recent Space-X Falcon 9 launch. You can track it orbiting the Earth.
This is a short from our much longer conversation. Which you can listen to once you've had a flavour of it.
Alternatively, check out our other Thinking on Paper episodes. There is something for every curious mind. From space electronics and personal AI, to spin qubits, IBM quantum computing and a book club.
Cheers,
Mark and Jeremy
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AI agents can read feeds, make decisions, coordinate with other agents, and even speak on your behalf.
In this short conversation, Andrew Hill breaks down what an agent actually is, why every company is racing to build them, and how close we are to personal agents that manage our schedules, explain our thinking, and interact with other people’s agents without us in the loop.
The discussion pushes into a harder question: people are already sharing their most intimate details with AI. At what point do these systems become better relationship partners than other humans?
If agents are about to represent us online, what does that mean for trust, privacy, and everyday interactions?
This episode gets into the shift that’s already underway, and where personal AI agents could go next.
If agents end up knowing us better than anyone else, who are we really talking to?
Rock on.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy
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To survive in space, you don’t just need engineers. You need a musician. Ideally, a guitarist. Fortunately, the technology for this exists.
Jeremy and Mark think on paper with physicist and CEO of Sunburn Schematics, Danny Andreev. What starts as a question about electrical engineering and power supplies in space, turns into human psychology and Mars Mission survival.
Elon, are you listening?
🎸 Could Jeremy's 1969 Vibrolux guitar amp actually work in space? What modifications would it need to play on the moon?
🎸 Why analog amps shrug off radiation.
🎸 How studies on submarines and Arctic bases show that having a musician changes how crews handle isolation
🎸 Mars needs musicians, comedians, and people willing to risk dying in space so the rest of us don’t have to
This isn’t a gear review. It's about culture, space, guitars and the human condition.
Rock on.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy
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Curious Minds Learn about THE REAL IMPACT of technology 👇 Thinking on Paper goes holistic. Your learning goes ballistic.
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AI, Quantum computing, space manufacturing, robotics and Web3! From the CEOS and Silicon Valley Founders spending millions and billions making them useful.
Or destroying the planet for their Egos. Take your curiosity, push it to its limits and see what technology can really do.
Our mission is to help ONE MILLION curious minds ditch their Twitter and LinkedIn feeds and connect the dots for themselves.
Each week, hosts Mark and Jeremy take you inside IBM, NASA, Coinbase, D-Wave, and more. They focus on how systems work, what they cost, who benefits, and the impact on work, policy, culture, and family.
There's a Book Club too. Because the oldest tech is still the best.
Stop scrolling and subscribe.
AI Ethics is a mirage straight from a Kafka novel. Questions of justice, principles and the rule of law are incompatible with machine learning. Machine learning is statistical analysis of data that outputs responses human beings are likely to find attractive, not true or ethical.
That is not a good way to design ethics.
Carissa Veliz joins Makr & Jeremy to Think On Paper.
She outlines how AI depends on surveillance and statistical pattern-matching that can’t meet the basic standards of a democracy: clear rules and the ability to appeal a decision.
AI thinking clashes with the foundations of a liberal democracy: public rules, transparency, and the right to challenge decisions that shape your life.
We cover:
😀 Why machine-learning decisions are opaque
😀 Why that conflicts with the rule of law
😀 How surveillance sits beneath modern AI systems
Please enjoy the show.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy
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Exxon & Chevron are using Microsoft AI to extract more oil. Faster, cheaper. The goal? The extraction of every last drop of oil.
Holly and Will Alpine of Enabled Emissions paint a stark picture. Just look at Microsoft’s own figures: Ai contracts signed for 50,000 barrels of oil equivalent a day with Exxon and 400,000 barrels a day with Chevron.
That’s roughly 6.4 million and 51 million tonnes of CO₂ a year.
Microsoft’s entire FY23 footprint was about 17 million tonnes, and it has just 5 million tonnes of carbon removal booked over 15 years.
Those two deals alone dwarf both numbers.
Over in Saudi Arabia, Aramco’s CEO says AI has helped hold production at $3/barrel for two decades.
AI keeps fossil fuels competitive and weakens the economics of clean energy. It touches every stage of the fossil-fuel lifecycle.
It's ugly. It's real. You're fed a lie. Learn more here.
Thanks for watching
Mark & Jeremy
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What is a spin qubit? Brandon Severin, CEO of Conductor Quantum, explains it like this: put a single electron in a magnetic field and it behaves like a tiny compass needle with two orientations, spin-up and spin-down.
Those are your 0 and 1. By isolating that electron on a gated silicon device and hitting it with precise pulses, you can flip, hold, and combine those states (superposition).
He also explains that spin qubits are built with the same fabrication tech as classical transistors. If we can print tens of billions of transistors on a modern NVIDIA or Apple chip, the same infrastructure could eventually produce comparable numbers of spin qubits, because each qubit is essentially one electron you can address and control.
Listen to the full episode here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LeN3VBvG0o&t=1s
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy
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Mind Blowing to the banks, but Stablecoins already move more volume than Visa and Mastercard combined! There's a financial revolution in the air, and this time, you're invited.
Robby Yung, CEO of Animoca Brands, shows how people move dollars across borders in minutes with near-flat fees, from market traders in Nigeria to institutions shifting tens or hundreds of millions.
This is a short from our full length deep dive into web3, the decentralized internet, DOAs, AI and what Animoca has in store for the coming year.
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Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/O_Iy1jYTRz8
China built its space station Tiangong in three years after being excluded from the ISS program. It landed on the Moon in 2020 and 2024, returning samples from areas with high helium-3. Now the fight is over rules, resources, and who decides what happens on the Moon.
In this short, aerospace designer Glen Martin explains how China’s program moves from high-speed rail and grid power at home to the Moon: far-side lunar samples (via a relay network and nuclear-powered rover), a 2029 crewed landing plan, and why helium-3 matters.
We break down the rules and risks: who gets to mine the Moon, what a UN Space Resources Treaty (draft due 2027) might change, and how U.S. domestic space laws could drive a Wild-West approach.
We cover why China built Tiangong after being blocked from the ISS, and what’s so important about the lunar south pole’s “rim of eternal light.”
Keep Thinking On Paper.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy.
PS: Please be kind and subscribe. This helps us immensely.
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--
TIMESTAMPS
(00:00) Chinese Infrastructure
(00:47) Bringing Russia to ISS
(01:21) We Blocked The Chinese
(01:41) Tiangong & 2029 Moon Landings
(02:22) The Global Politics Of Space
(03:36) The Lunar South Pole
(04:07) The United Nations
(04:41) The Moon Wild West
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AI Music is exploding. In fact, you're probably listening to AI generated music and don't even realise it. But rest assured, the musicians whose beats, rhymes and livelihood were stolen to train the models are well aware.
They're reminded every time they check their empty bank accounts.
99,000 new songs are uploaded to streaming platforms every day. According to Deezer, almost one in five are now made by our artificial friends.
You wouldn't play a single one at your funeral.
And it gets worse.
According to Ditto music, 59% of musicians use AI in some aspect of their music.
It's a highway to hell.
How do the real musicians get paid?
How do the record labels keep track of their... tracks?
What about session musicians, producers, songwriters and the bass player?
How do they all get their fair reward?
And how do you prove their input in the output of a model?
Yes, it is all very very very difficult.
Thankfully, amongst the madness, the always excellent Cherie Hu, Yung Spielburg and Alexander Flores of Water & Music researched and wrote about what's at stake, how technology can be used to solve the riddle and which companies are trying to shake that moneymaker.
We read their research.
Please share with a music lover.
Cheers
Mark and Jeremy
–
(00:00) The Intersection of Music and AI
(03:26) Understanding Music Attribution
(03:51) Sonic Characteristics and AI Influence
(06:39) The Complexity of AI Music Generation
(07:36) The Value Equation in AI Music Creation
(08:08) Understanding Influence Functions in Music AI
(09:44) Challenges of Attribution in AI-Generated Music
(11:38) Exploring Embeddings and Their Role in Music AI
(14:17) Watermarking and Its Limitations in Music Attribution
(15:30) Synthetic Data and Its Implications for Music AI
(17:48) Innovative Solutions for Music Rights Attribution
(18:01) Distinguishing Compositional vs. Recording Contributions
(19:59) The Impact of AI on the Music Industry's Inequities
(23:03) Trust and Technology in Music Attribution
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If quantum computers already exist, why can’t they do anything useful? The issue isn’t quantum mechanics, it’s control. Every qubit must be tuned, stabilized, and kept coherent, and that process collapses long before scale.
Brandon Severin, founder of Conductor Quantum, joins Jeremy and Mark to Think On Paper about spin qubits, AI calibration, Google’s latest quantum chip, and how his company is using semiconductor-based qubits to build quantum computers at scale.
From his PhD at Oxford (where he crossed paths with Oxford Ionics founder Dr. Chris Ballance) to launching a startup in Silicon Valley, Brandon shares how physics, engineering, and software are finally converging in quantum computing.
In this episode:
⚛️ How Google’s new quantum algorithm moves us closer to simulating atoms and molecules.
⚛️ The difference between trapped ions and spin qubits — and why spin qubits could scale faster.
⚛️ Inside Conductor Quantum’s work on calibration, fidelity, and error correction.
⚛️ How AI is redefining quantum control and stability.
⚛️ The rise of the quantum founder: from lone academics to builders focused on scale.
⚛️ Why progress in quantum depends on manufacturing, algorithms, and collaboration — not just brainpower.
⚛️ Why millions of qubits, not a “magic” single qubit, are needed for real computation.
Most quantum content sits in a kind of superposition: too technical to follow or too simple to teach you anything new. Thinking On Paper cuts through that noise.
If this conversation made you think differently about quantum computing, follow the show and share it with someone curious.
Keep thinking on paper.
Cheers,
Mark & Jeremy
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--
Timestamps
(00:00) Trailer
(01:13) The Google Announcement Explained Simply
(03:47) Trapped Ions vs. Spin Qubits
(06:14) How AI Controls Quantum Computers
(11:06) Inside the Quantum Circus: Managing Errors, Fidelity, and Coherence
(32:59) Building Quantum Computers: Why Scale Depends on Automation
(33:41) The Culture of Quantum Startups vs. the AI Boom
(36:52) Human Nature, Technology, and the Race for Control
(39:43) The Future of Quantum Computing: From Physics to Scalable Systems
Helium-3 is essential for fusion energy, quantum computing, and tracking nuclear weapons. The U.S. has just 29 kilograms, and there may be as little as 100 kilograms on Earth. But aerospace engineer Glen Martin cites NASA data suggesting roughly 1.1 million tons may be trapped on the Moon.
In this episode, Mark and Jeremy Think On Paper with Glen, CEO of the Extraterrestrial Mining Company, about the emerging science and politics of lunar mining and the race now unfolding above us.
Glen explains how solar winds have been seeding the Moon with Helium-3 for billions of years, why AI data centers and quantum computers are already driving global demand, and how private companies are moving into territory once reserved for governments.
What begins as a conversation about mining technology becomes a deeper look at scarcity, competition, and the moral questions that come with abundance.
Will space resources help us build a post-scarcity society, or just extend the same rivalries into orbit?
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The Extraterrestrial Mining Company
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Timestamps
(00:00) Trailer
(02:45) What is Helium-3, and why are we mining the Moon?
(05:29) Why there’s almost no Helium-3 on Earth, and a million tons on the Moon
(09:01) How Helium-3 could be harvested from lunar dust
(10:33) Fusion without fallout: the clean-energy promise of Helium-3
(13:01) Space-based solar power and fusion: two paths to future energy.
(17:56) How private companies plan to finance Moon mining
(21:52) The new space race: U.S., China, and the competition for lunar fuel
(25:03) Can treaties prevent conflict over Moon resources?
(27:37) AI, autonomy, and the machines that will mine the Moon
(29:31) NASA’s commercial lunar payloads and the rise of space infrastructure
(31:08) What lunar regolith tells us about Helium-3 reserves
(33:35) The trillion-dollar question: who profits from space resources?
(36:17) Curiosity, wonder, and the future of human exploration
(40:01) Technology, morality, and the choice to be good
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AI ethics sounds reassuring. Carissa Véliz argues it’s a contradiction: you can’t build “ethical” systems on surveillance. The result isn’t accountability, it’s rule by opaque models you can’t inspect or appeal. That’s not ethics, that's the definition of Kafkaesque.
Joining Mark and Jeremy on Thinking on Paper, Carissa Véliz lays out three hard truths.
- Privacy is both a right and a duty. It allows lawyers, journalists, and citizens to act without intimidation. Remove it and democracy loses its working parts.
- Privacy is collective. The choices you make affect everyone else.
- Governments and Big Tech now co-produce surveillance; data moves in both directions, and history shows companies can rival states in coercive power.
Véliz also gets practical: what can be inferred from “just” location, why trading sovereignty for convenience breeds dependence, and how even small shifts — using Signal instead of WhatsApp, Proton instead of Gmail — can matter when 5–10 percent of people change their habits, the power shifts.
Surveillance isn’t the future. It’s the business model, and it works because we accept it.
Not on our watch.
Please enjoy the show.
And subscribe to help us keep telling the human story of technology.
Thanks,
Mark & Jeremy
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TIMESTAMPS
(00:00) Trailer
(02:26) What Is Privacy
(05:31) Is Democracy At Risk?
(08:34) Government & Big Tech
(10:39) How To Decouple Big Tech & Government
(12:33) Privacy & The Common Human Experience
(16:02) Tools To Protect Your Privacy
(17:18) Cookie Clutter
(19:30) ChatGPT Writes Policy
(20:05) Radical Open Mindedness
(21:52) AI Alignment
(22:56) AI Ethics
(28:09) How To Erase Your Data
(29:27) What Should Humanity Be?
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In early 2025, Kevin Kelly, one of the great technological philosophers of our time, joined Mark & Jeremy to Think on Paper. Before he left, he asked a question. A question about the future and technology: What should humans be?
At the end of every show, we ask every guest this question. And the answers always resonate on an emotional, human level. They land on something universal. The same words, the same ideas, the same wants for humanity come up again and again. Creativity, curiosity, kindness, empathy, discovery, adventure, ambition.
This is the first part of our series compiling the answers. A reminder, in the dark days that technology is built by us, for us, and most people are nice, kind and want the best for us all. As you'll see. Yes, it maybe a simple message at times, but we're OK with that. Because on simple ideas are civilizations born.
Please enjoy this special compilation of thoughts and ideas. And tell someone to come Think on Paper with us.
We'd appreciate that.
Be curious, stay disruptive, keep thinking on paper.
Cheers,
Mark and Jeremy.
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Timestamps
(00:00) The Story
(00:58) Kindness (& Books)
(01:55) Meaning
(02:32) Connection
(03:03) Discovery
(03:36) Curiosity
(04:30) Consciousness
(05:00) Ambition
(05:31) Creativity
(06:07) Wisdom
--
Videos appear thanks to:
“Documentary — The Fourth Industrial Revolution” by World Economic Forum, licensed under CC BY 3.0: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Documentary_-_The_Fourth_Industrial_Revolution.webm"
"Wikimedia Commons
"“Out of This World — Prelinger Archives / Public Domain (via Internet Archive)”
--
Guests in this video
Mark Boggett: https://youtu.be/PExunxFL71E?si=XrpkRRmFCjR1VxC7
Rajeev Kapur: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWEuQmPcqJ8&t=193s
Rob Locascio: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TaM8lITXx6Y&t=428s
Andrew Hill: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hk4BXeXS9wE&t=50s
Will Alpine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Obs2vxp-SP0&t=44s
Katia Moskovitch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPwM0dCEYkI&t=185s
Robby Yung: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHiSkSEQy-c&t=2010s
Khang Nguyen-Trieu: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbnVirwbGBc&t=85s
Martin Soltau: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zl-z1d6d_as&t=572s
--
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The space economy is set to reach $1.8 trillion by 2035. Everyone talks about rockets. Almost no one talks about the infrastructure that connects orbit to Earth. This is where billions of dollars of that space investment are being increasingly allocated.
Mark Boggett runs Seraphim Investments, a London-based fund that backs the companies building the foundations of the space economy. In this conversation, he explains why the future of space isn’t about launch or tourism, but data, defense, and the networks that will define a trillion-dollar market.
We look at how falling launch costs from SpaceX, Rocket Lab, and Firefly have moved the bottleneck from rockets to downlink infrastructure - the networks that move satellite data back to Earth.
Boggett outlines the under-invested opportunities in ground terminals, communications, and cybersecurity that will define the next decade of the space economy.
He also talks about the rise of direct-to-device connectivity through companies like AST SpaceMobile and Globalstar, the coming laser mesh networks led by Amazon’s Kuiper constellation, and the new markets emerging in orbital services: debris removal, refueling, and regulation-driven sustainability through firms like Astroscale and LeoLabs.
This is the quieter side of the space race, the infrastructure and data layer where long-term investors are quietly shaping a trillion-dollar future.
Enjoy the show.
And please subscribe so we can continue building the channel, and thinking on Paper.
--
TIMESTAMPS
(00:00) Trailer
(01:56) Disruptors & Curious Minds
(03:08) Mark Boggett
(03:27) The Reality Of A 10-Year Investment Period
(04:07) Predictions On The Space Economy
(04:39) Space Race 2.0: The USA V China
(05:54) Direct to Device Space Communications
(08:05) Public Markets Love Space Tech Investments
(09:35) Space Exits & IPOS
(10:36) Trump & Musk To Dominate Space Agenda
(11:17) The Space Ecosystem 2025
(12:10) Satellite Companies: Hardware & Software
(12:36) Launch Companies: SpaceX, Firefly & Rocket Labs
(13:50) Satellite Constellations
(14:24) HAPS (High Altitude Platforms)
(15:22) Data Collection, Ground Terminals & Cyber Security
(16:46) Downlink: The Growth Area Of Space Investments
(18:50) Satellite Data Companies
(21:08) Space Verticals: Climate Success Stories
(22:20) How Satellites Verify Carbon Credits
(24:37) Space Debris & New Regulations To Clean Up Orbit
(26:38) Getting Old, Rickety Satellites Out Of Orbit
(30:26) Giving Regulators Teeth
(31:15) Geopolitics And Defense Based Space Investment
(36:33) Terraforming Mars
(36:48) Best Sci-Fi Movie
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(37:20) The Best Reason To Go To The Moon
(39:51) What Should Humans Be?
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