This year, Denmark will replace all its public transport ticketing systems with a new fully pay-as-you-go digital app. Customers will get a transformationally better service; operators get a cost saving. What’s not to like? This is all being delivered by the “Rejsekort & Rejseplan”, a dedicated organisation devoted to transport ticketing and information. It is run by Tina Christensen, who tells me all about the culture change necessary to deliver this digital transformation. It’s an inspirational story for any country further behind on digital ticketing (which is almost all of them).

This edition looks back at the themes that emerged from the 2025 episodes of The Freewheeling Podcast. We look back at inspirational city leaders who have transformed places for the benefit of their residents (and faced death threats for doing so), we revisit the entrepreneurs building great transport products to improve journeys and we discuss the big ideas that came out of last year’s conversations. I hope you enjoy this retrospective - there’s also a preview of the next season at the end. Thank you so much for listening in 2025 - and, above all, Merry Christmas!

Jane Cole is MD of the best bus company in Britain, at least according to the judges of the UK Bus Awards. In fact, that’s not all: she also leads the best tram company in Britain, according to the judges who awarded them Tram Operator of the Year. Today’s podcast is all about change, but it’s not primarily the sexy kind of technological change that we often think of when we think about change. It’s about culture, community and people - but it’s the stuff that makes the difference between success and failure in the transport sector. Jane describes the changes she’s made happen in Blackpool Transport and how empowerment, community focus and investment have transformed the transport service in one of the most deprived towns in Europe.

Caroline Seton is the co-founder of the London bike share firm Forest. They’re in unambiguous second place to Lime, the great global bicycle behemoth - but, famously, being second makes a firm try harder. In today’s episode, we talk about the challenges of being a shared mobility firm in a municipal environment, the realities of whether cities actually want sustainable transport and the changes she would make to transport policy. Above all - more bike parking and less car parking please!

The Budget has finally been unveiled. But what does it mean for transport? In this week’s episode, I review the budget with Sir Michael Holden, former Chairman of Directly Operated Railways. We discuss the impact on railway economics (and whether there’s money for the fares freeze), whether the fuel duty increases will actually happen, the Government’s commitment to capital investment and - above all - the need for an overarching strategy.

The world’s moving faster than ever, and policy changes with dizzying pace. It was only in 2021 that the Conservatives issued the most pro-bus policy document probably ever published by a British Government. The National Bus Strategy was something of a marvel for those of us who want to see better public transport. It promised a vision of bus lanes in every town, coordinated networks and exceptional quality - all backed up by billions of pounds of new investment. Today, Leon Daniels and I look back in time to publication day and review how it’s gone since then.

Data City Founder Tom Forth has been told some extraordinary reasons why the North underperforms the South. Including that it’s down to Northerners being stupid. Or drunk. He’s even read academic papers outlining these theories. In a fascinating episode of the podcast, we get into a discussion on the real reasons. They go back a thousand years but transport and our hyper-centralised way of making decisions are right at the heart of it. I really hope you enjoy listening to this conversation as much as I enjoyed having it.

Why does electrification in the UK cost so much more than in the rest of Europe? And why does it always seem to go wrong? In today’s episode I talk to Managing Director (UK) of Furrer+Frey, the leading Swiss engineering company. We delve into the root cause of the problem: the way HM Treasury makes funding decisions, which results in a feast-famine environment in which teams are trained, mobilised, demobilised and the skills lost. Repeatedly. We also discuss whether it’s going to get any better…

, and the Alderman responsible for transport and mobility policy. He took over the portfolio and immediately set about trying to make Ghent a more beautiful, peaceful city. As I can confirm from having visited, he really succeeded! But not without a lot of difficulty, even including death threats. Today’s episode is a masterclass in the art of transport changemaking: the focus on experimentation, clear strategy and the need for urgency. He also highlights the power of storytelling, the limitations of data and highlights that, despite the death threats, the Circulation Plan helped him increase his majority at the next election. Come with me to Belgium and see just what a motivated, inspiring transport changemaker can do.

Founding a startup is hard, but it’s even harder when you’re dealing with the most painful and emotive moments in peoples’ lives. That’s what Dan Garrett decided to do when he created Farewill, now the country’s largest “Deathtech” firm. His business enables peoples to self-serve themselves wills, as well as offering other services including probate and even cremation. How do you move fast when you’re dealing with something as important as death? How do you get the right balance between risk, rules and pace?

Mini Holland is the poster-child for the transformation of an urban area. A network of congested residential streets in North East London has become peaceful and tranquil. The local high street converted from a double-parked rat-run into a desirable pedestrianised destination. As the first Low Traffic Neighbourhood of the modern era, council reps from across Britain (and Europe) have visited to learn lessons. Not that I needed travel far: it all happened in Walthamstow, where I live, and my kids were two of the many who benefited. It was the vision of , and he tells me the full inspirational story in today’s episode.

Autonomous public transport has the potential to transform our cities. Suburbs that are not currently served by public transport could be cost-effectively connected for the first time, while conventional bus routes could be expanded. One city that is taking the lead in experimenting with autonomous public transport is Paris, under the leadership of James Dick at RATP. In today’s episode, he tells me just how close he believes they are to delivering autonomous buses out on the road, driverless and at scale. It’s a great conversation with a transport leader passionate about the future and making sure that our sector meets it head-on and with positivity. Enjoy!

Gian-Mattia Schucan founded Fairtiq to make travelling by public transport effortless: no tickets, no gates, no stress. We talk about the journey from idea to reality, what operators really want from innovators and how to make change happen in public transport. I’m sad to say that this is the last episode of Season 4 but, don’t worry, I’ll be back with Season 5 in September.

“It's fine when you're swinging big to have a few misses in a controlled environment” - , making it very clear that it’s fine for public sector organisations to try things and fail. In today’s episode, I talk to Jonny about what value for money really means, why BCR is often misused and how the NAO supports innovation in the public sector. The conversation about BCRs is also fascinating: highlighting that value-for-money rules don’t require complex decisions to be boiled down to a single number. Do take a listen to this one!

Olly Glover went from rail consultant to MP in a political whirlwind. We talk innovation in legacy sectors, the chaos of becoming an MP overnight and the culture of Westminster. Plus: why UK transport policy feels stuck and how we could actually fix electrification.

I spoke to Lars Strömgren, Stockholm’s Vice Mayor for Transport and Urban Environment, about the city’s journey from car-centricity to a cycling-friendly capital. We talked about his childhood on the back of his grandmother’s bike, the cultural shifts that made cycling mainstream and the urban planning philosophy that underpins Stockholm’s transformation - including how storytelling, kid-focused design and even building with wood all fit into a sustainable transport vision.

My guest this week is Anjali Devadasan, founder of Treeva, a startup generating energy from passing vehicles and trains. Her turbines harness airflow to power local infrastructure like lighting and EV chargers. We talked about the technology, the challenges of scaling, and her personal drive to tackle climate change, inspired by her family’s personal experience of climate-change induced flash floods. Anjali also shared great advice for founders around protecting time for strategy, running real world experiments and building around purpose. A truly inspirational conversation with someone who’s achieved incredible things very early in her career.

In Oslo, Christian Willoch and his team at Ruter are doing something most cities haven’t even begun to talk about – using autonomous vehicles to strengthen public transport, not compete with it. In this episode, I visit the pilot project they’ve got going, with real members of the public travelling on Ruter-branded autonomous vehicles in exactly the kind of outer suburb in which this technology will be transformative. We talk about why Oslo's approach isn’t about robotaxis, but about public service and affordable mobility for all. Christian shares the lessons they’ve learned, the challenges ahead and why cities need to start planning now before they’re caught off guard. Afterwards, I take a ride in one of their autonomous vehicles. You can listen into my live audio commentary of the experience…

Stephen Bush, Associate Editor at the Financial Times, is one of the few political journalists who truly gets transport policy. In this episode, we talk about why transport matters far more to economic productivity than politicians realise, why ambition in major infrastructure projects has declined since the financial crisis and why simply nationalising services won't fix public transport. Stephen also shares insights on why London’s success is the exception not the rule (and how its future success is not guaranteed) and we discuss whether a mayor of a major British city (Greater Manchester, for example) could become Prime Minister.

Elke Van den Brandt has transformed Brussels' streets – and taken a political battering for doing so. As the city’s mobility minister, she’s championed slower speeds, safer roads and public spaces that feel more like “living rooms than corridors”. We talk about her 30km/h city-wide limit, the backlash it sparked, the silent majority that supports it and the power of empathy, small projects and showing up in person. It was a superb insight into how political bravery, behavioural science and empathy (backed up by strong leadership) can work together to reshape cities for the better.